Characteristics and description of Prudence soybean

Soybean is the most widespread high-protein and oilseed crop in the world. It is used for technical, feed and food purposes. In terms of quality and profitability, it competes with sunflower. In this article we will talk in detail about the Prudence variety, its agrotechnical features, cultivation conditions and practical application.

Characteristics of Prudence soybean

Prudence soybean is a new product from the Canadian company Huron Commodities. This is a non-transgenic (GMO soybean) variety.

Huron Commodities acquires exclusive rights (patent) to varieties bred at leading universities around the world. Develops and supplies seeds for more than 20 soybean varieties for agricultural holdings in Japan, Europe and southeast Asia. The most popular and sought-after varieties in Russia and the CIS countries are Avatar, Prudence, Strive, Prescott, Connor.

The originator of the variety is the University of Guelph. Sales representative in Russia – Prograin Ru LLC.

Biological characteristics

Soybean Prudence is a high-yielding intensive mid-season variety.

Belongs to a large genus of herbaceous flowering plants of the Legume (Moth) family. Tribe of flowering crops – Beans. Refers to the type of annual common soybean (cultivated).

Type of development – ​​indeterminate (unlimited growth of the stem).

The height of the stem is up to 90 cm. The stem is erect, dense, slightly pubescent with reddish-brown hairs, and not prone to lodging. The leaves are green, slightly pubescent, ovoid, with pointed ends.Leaves are collected in groups of 3-4 pieces.

The flowers are small, inexpressive, odorless, have 5 petals, collected in brushes, which are formed in the axils of the leaves.

The pods are pubescent, curved, sickle-shaped, brown in color. Convex in shape. The length of the pod is 5-6 cm. 1-4 round fruits ripen in a box.

The seeds are medium in size, the seed coat is yellow in color, the hilum is light, yellowish in color.

The flowering and ripening period is early and middle, depending on the region.

With sufficient nutrition it bushes, and with sparse planting it branches.

The root system is powerful, with long lateral shoots extending from the short main root.

The variety is resistant to fruit cracking, diseases, viruses and cereal pests (ascochyta blight, rust, fusarium blight, downy mildew).

As a precursor it is suitable for winter varieties of wheat and corn.

The Prudence variety is adapted to all types of soil.

Chemical composition and nutritional value

BZHU - 36.5 g, 20 g, 27-30 g. Calorie content - above 350 kcal per 100 g of seeds.

Reference. Prudence soybean protein is similar in biological value to animal proteins, is well absorbed and excreted by the body.

100 g of product contains:

• up to 38% protein;
• 17-21% fat;
• up to 20% carbohydrates;
• 27% indigestible fiber (fiber).

Essential fatty acids nourish tissues, prevent inflammatory processes, and support the heart and blood vessels. In soybeans Prudence contains vitamin F, a complex of unsaturated acids Omega-3 and Omega-6:

• linoleic;
• oleic;
• linolenic

The vitamin composition provides the body with energy, mobilizes protective functions, and supports the functioning of organs and systems.

Per 100 g of mature seeds there are:

• 0.15 mg vitamin A;
• 0.5 mg vitamin D;
• 0.11 mg vitamin E;
• 0.34 mg vitamin C.

B vitamins:

• up to 1 mg of thiamine;
• 0.25 mg riboflavin;
• more than 2 mg of niacin (vitamin PP);
• 1.8 mg pantothenic acid;
• 200 mcg folic acid;
• 0.9 mg pyridoxine.

Prudence soybeans contain 5-6 times more vitamin B2 (riboflavin) than wheat grains.

The composition contains essential and non-essential amino acids - regulators of hormonal levels, metabolism and central nervous system processes:

• lysine – 2.2 g;
• arginine – 2.6 g;
• leucine – 2.6 g;
• isoleucine – 1.8 g;
• phenylalanine – 1.7 g;
• threonine – 1.3 g;
• valine – 1.8;
• histidine – 0.8 g;
• cystine – 0.5 g;
• meteonine – 0.46 g;
• tryptophan – 0.43 g.

Minerals potassium, calcium, phosphorus strengthen connective and bone tissue, activate the functioning of the nervous system and brain, and have a beneficial effect on the endocrine system.

Application

The main purpose of Prudence soybean is the food industry and cooking.

This is a useful substitute meat, cheese and milk. Lovers of East Asian cuisine, vegans and vegetarians actively use soy products, which have appeared on domestic shelves in the last decade.

Most popular products:

• soy flour;
• butter, milk, tofu (cottage cheese);
• soy mayonnaise, sour cream, cream;
• meat (soybean processing);
• Korean gochujang paste (spicy seasoning with pepper);
• Japanese thick miso paste with the addition of rice and wheat;
• Korean asparagus (fiber marinated with spices);
• Soy sauce is especially popular as a dressing for rolls, stewed, fried vegetables and salads.

Soy flour is added to bread, pastries and cakes, confectionery, sausages and sausages. Meat from crushed beans is used to make cutlets, meatballs, schnitzels and pates. Such products are considered safe for people with diabetes.

For children with allergies, infant formula, coffee drinks, yoghurts, chocolate and chips are made from soy products.

This is interesting! In Japan, medicines for diabetes mellitus based on soybean extract - touchi - are recognized and confirmed by state quality certificates.

Technical use of Prudence soybean

From the residual products after the process of refining and oil extraction, the following is produced:

• soaps and cosmetics;
• varnishes and paints;
• concrete;
• solvents;
• plastic, oilcloth;
• linoleum;
• lubricating oil for machines.

The Chinese make yarn from waste from the production of tofu cheese. Soy silk is a raw material for hats, sweaters, socks and textiles.

In livestock and agriculture

Cake, meal, aerial parts are nutritious feed for animals. Prudence soybean cake contains up to 38% crude protein and more than 5% fat.

To feed calves, a mixture of cake, soybean flour and mixed feed is used. The nutritional value of the supplement is not inferior to whole milk.

The mown above-ground part is equally valued fresh and in silage complexes.

Important! The leaves and stems of the Prudence variety contain 3-4 times more carotene, protein and calcium than cereal plants. And hay is equivalent to clover.

Prudence soybeans are sown as green manure – a green “filler” of soil microflora with assimilable nitrogen. In addition, after harvesting, the field remains clean, free of weeds.

Agricultural technology of soybean Prudence

The maximum seeding rate for the Prudence variety is 72 kg per 1 ha.

The average consumption per 1 m² is up to 40 pcs. seeds, per linear meter - up to 16-20 pcs. seeds

The optimal sowing density is 400-600 pcs. per 1 ha, depending on soil and air moisture, sowing time, row spacing.

Sowing is carried out in the last ten days of April - early May. Narrow-row and wide-row methods are used.Row spacing – 12.5 cm, 15 cm, 30 cm, 45-50 cm.

The growing season is 95-105 days, depending on the region and the amount of precipitation.

The strong initial development of seedlings is noted. Two weeks after sowing, the shoots rise 25-30 cm. By mid-July, a tall bush grows.

The crop is harvested at the end of August. The yield of Prudence soybeans is from 25 to 29 c/ha.

Protection

According to the cultivation technology, treatment with herbicides “Pivot”, “Centurion”, “Harmony” is mandatory in order to suppress weeds.

To protect crops, mixtures of herbicides with surfactants are used. For example, a mixture of “Fabian” and “Adju surfactant” is used to treat seedlings during the cotyledon period of weeds (quinoa, sow thistle, ragweed). Before germination, fields are treated with herbicides based on Glyphosate (a systemic drug against perennial weeds).

Treatment with fungicides “Kolosal Pro”, “Benorad”, etc. is recommended against fungal diseases and spotting.

Fertilizer

Prudence soybeans are fed in accordance with the type of soil and acidity according to agrochemical cartograms.

It is recommended to apply phosphorus fertilizers:

• in the southern regions - 30-50 kg per 1 ha;
• for central and northern areas the dosage increases to 80-90 kg.

Nitrogen is applied only on poor and heavy soils.

Potassium fertilizers are used at the rate of 50-60 kg per 1 ha.

It is important to treat the seeds before sowing with nodule bacteria (Nitragin) and microfertilizers with a high molybdenum content (Ammonium Molybdate). Approximate consumption – 150 g per 1 ton of seeds.

Growing regions

Selective soybean varieties are being developed for northern latitude conditions in Canada, Sweden and Germany. Samples of variety types (more than 7 thousand copies) are located at the All-Russian Research Institute named after. N. I. Vavilova.

In the North-West region of Russia it is recommended grow early ripening soybean varieties Kasatka, Svetlaya, Eldorado of domestic selection (Ryazan NIPTI and Siberian Research Institute of Feed).

The mid-early variety Prudence is recommended to be grown in the southern regions and the middle zone. The culture is not afraid of dry summers and is not prone to lodging.

In the conditions of the Black Earth Region, soybeans ripen within 105-110 days from the moment of planting.

Prudence soybeans are also cultivated in warm steppe regions where the humidity level is average.

In temperate climate zones, it is preferable to sow an early ripening variety of the same Canadian selection - Connor.

conclusions

The Prudence soybean variety is adapted to almost all climatic zones and manages to ripen even in the northern regions. The growing season adapts to the local climate. In agriculture, soybean is valued as a feed crop and a green manure precursor to cereals. Grown in large agricultural communities and small farms. The variety is characterized by 100% profitability and high yield.

Ready-made soy products are a complete and safe substitute for animal protein for athletes, vegetarians, children and people with diabetes.