What varieties of peas are there - an overview of the varieties with photos and detailed descriptions

Peas are an annual crop known for their taste and nutritional qualities. Plants with different colors and shades of seeds are grown all over the world: yellow peas, white peas, green peas, and even black and red peas.

The plant is popular both among farms and private owners. Almost all summer residents plant its seeds on their plots. Caring for plants is not difficult, the main thing is to choose the right place for planting and a variety that will meet your expectations.

Types of peas

According to ripening time

The growing season for peas lasts from 45 to 125 days.

Depending on the ripening period, the following varieties of peas are distinguished::

• early ripening, the period from germination to fruits of technical maturity is from 46 to 55 days, depending on the specific variety;
• mid-season, here from germination to technical ripeness 54-80 days;
• late, is characterized by the period of fruit ripening to technical ripeness from 80 to 90 days.

Technical ripeness is the state of vegetables, when they are suitable for eating and harvesting for storage, but their seeds are not ready for future reproduction (“have not ripened”).

If choose different varieties, then you can feast on your harvest throughout the summer season.

Low growing varieties

A clear sign of the classification of this plant is its height. Low-growing varieties include plants with a stem height of 40-70 cm.

Let's look at the brightest representatives of the short group — pea varieties with photos and descriptions (click on the name of the variety to see the photo):

• Kelvedon miracle - early ripening, productive variety. It takes 50 days from germination to harvest. The length of the plant reaches 70 cm. When growing, it is better to tie the stem to a support. The pods are oblong, about 8 cm long, with 6-8 dark green peas inside. It can be consumed both fresh and used for preservation.
• Faith - an early ripening variety, characterized by uniform ripening of beans. The growing season is from 48 to 63 days. The height of the plant reaches 65 cm. The bean is straight or slightly curved, inside there are 6-8 yellow-green seeds. Recommended for fresh consumption, canning and processing.
• Alpha (sugar) -early ripening, with a stable yield, resistant to frost. From germination to technical ripeness, 46-53 days pass. The pod has a slightly curved to saber-shaped shape, 7-9 cm long, with 5 to 9 dark green seeds inside. Alpha peas can be eaten fresh and are suitable for canning and freezing.

Tall varieties

The group includes varieties with a height of 100 to 220 cm.

Let's talk about the main varieties of this group:

• Pharaoh - mid-season, characterized by high productivity and good immunity. Drought resistant. The stem is about a meter long. Resistant to lodging. The ripening period of peas is 68-85 days from the moment of germination. The pods are straight or slightly curved with a blunt apex, with 3-6 fruits inside. The peas are light yellow in color.
• Prelado (husking) - early ripening peas, characterized by simultaneous ripening of fruits and a stable harvest. Resistant to lodging and heat. Tolerates frost well. From the appearance of sprouts to the start of harvesting, 45 - 55 days pass. The pods are short, straight, medium wide, 8 cm long.The peas are dark green. There are 8 peas in one pod. Peas have good taste when fresh and are great for freezing and canning.
• Oscar (sugar) - early ripening, high-yielding, disease-resistant. The bean is slightly curved with a sharp end, 9 cm long. The pod contains 9-12 dark green seeds. It takes 69 days from germination to harvest. The variety is used fresh, for freezing and canning.
• Belmondo - a high-yielding mid-early variety of French selection. The plant is resistant to lodging and tolerates frost well. The pods do not crack when harvested. Characterized by high taste qualities.

Suitable varieties for Siberia

Due to the climatic conditions of Siberia, not all pea varieties are suitable for growing in this region.

Let's consider varieties recommended for the Siberian climate:

• Ambrosia (sugar) - one of the most popular sugar varieties in Russia. Ambrosia sugar peas are early ripening, 45-56 days pass from the emergence of seedlings to the start of harvesting. In order for the plant to bear fruit for a long time and abundantly, it is necessary to water it in a timely manner, remove weeds, loosen the soil and feed it with mineral fertilizers. These peas are grown on trellises or tied up. The length of the pod is 8-10 cm, inside there are 8-10 seeds with a diameter of 8-9 mm. Peas at the stage of technical maturity are green; when fully ripe, they are wrinkled and light yellow. Reviews of Ambrosia peas the most flattering. Gardeners note its high taste, write that children love it very much, that the variety always produces a stable harvest and is good in any form (fresh, canned or frozen). Many European restaurants include dishes with ambrosia peas on their seasonal menus.
• Altai emerald - a mid-season compact variety that produces excellent yields. The plant reaches 45 cm in height. The pods are slightly curved and wide. The peas are dark green, large, and have a sweetish taste. The fruits of this variety are used fresh for food, added to salads, frozen, and canned.
• Premium variety - early-ripening, high-yielding peas, characterized by simultaneous ripening of the fruits. The growing season is 57 days. Premium peas are disease resistant. The pod is medium curved, with a blunt apex, 8 cm long. The peas at the stage of technical maturity are green, 8-9 pieces per pod. The variety has excellent taste and is suitable for fresh consumption, as well as for canning and freezing.

Suitable varieties for the Moscow region and central Russia

Most popular varieties can be grown in the middle zone and Moscow region, getting a full harvest. Let's consider the most popular variety suitable for this climate - Moscow delicacy.

Moscow Delicacy Peas - a mid-season pea variety that is valued for the sweetness of its fruits. In reviews of this variety you can often find the phrase “taste of childhood.” These peas do not require much space in your garden and are easy to care for. Peas grow well on any soil, only if the soil is acidic, it is recommended to pre-lime it.

For a high yield, this variety does not care about the fertility of the soil.. For best results, it is better to choose a shaded planting site. If the plant is located in the shade, this will greatly reduce its taste. The variety is universal in use, but is especially valued fresh.

The best shelling pea varieties

The main difference between shelling pea varieties is their rough, hard pods.. The seeds of such peas are starchy and high in calories. These peas are suitable for making porridges and soups. For this use, fully ripened pods are collected. At the stage of technical maturity, such varieties can also be used in different ways, including fresh.

So which varieties are best to plant on your site?

Let's look at a few:

• Avola — these peas are recommended for fresh use, as well as for freezing and canning. Early ripening (56-57 days). Harmonious ripening of fruits is characteristic. The stem is simple. The leaf is an ordinary type, green in color. The pods are medium long, with 6-9 peas inside. Peas at technical ripeness are small, green in color, 6-9 pieces per pod.
• Alpha - early ripe peas. The growing season from the appearance of sprouts to the start of harvesting is 45-55 days. Plants grow up to 50 cm in length. The pods are peeling, with a rough parchment layer inside, saber-shaped. Medium-sized peas, 5-9 pieces per pod. The seeds are valued for their high content of protein, vitamin C and other vitamins, carbohydrates, and mineral salts.
• Telephone - a late-ripening, high-yielding variety of shelling peas. The Telephone variety can withstand low temperatures for a long time. It is recommended to grow these peas on prepared cultivated soil. If peas are grown in a designated area for the first time, humus must be added. The taste of these peas directly depends on the level of soil fertility.
• Adagumsky - a mid-season variety characterized by friendly fruiting. From germination to technical ripeness, 68-73 days pass. Bred back in 1980 at the Crimean Experimental Breeding Station of the All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Growing.It is grown throughout Russia, with the exception of the Northern, Lower Volga, Western Siberian and Far Eastern regions. The pods are peeling, straight in shape with a pointed apex, up to 7 cm long, dark green. The seeds are yellow-green, cerebral, wrinkled, medium-sized. In the technical maturity phase, peas are dark green and have good taste.
• Dinga - mid-season shelling peas of German selection. The stem length is up to 95 cm. The period from germination to technical ripeness is 53-70 days. The pod is slightly curved, with a pointed apex, 11 cm long, with 9-10 peas inside. The seeds are light green, dark green when technically ripe. Dinga peas have good taste both fresh and canned. The plant is susceptible to powdery mildew and bean yellow mosaic virus.
• Karina F1 -early ripening peas with a consistently high yield. The pods are short, medium wide, with 6 peas inside. Peas at technical maturity are green and of the same size. Peas are resistant to low temperatures and have high resistance to Fusarium wilt. In the southern regions, winter sowing can be practiced. Peas are suitable for both fresh consumption and processing (freezing and canning).
• Voronezh green - an early ripening variety, characterized by uniform ripening of the crop. Brought out in 1990 at the Voronezh vegetable experimental station. Grown in the North-Western, Central Black Earth, North Caucasus, Middle Volga and Lower Volga regions. The pod is shelled, pointed, slightly curved, with 8-10 peas inside. The seeds are cerebral, yellow, and emerald green in the technical maturity phase.The variety is characterized by excellent taste both fresh and canned.

Unusual types of peas

Among the huge number of species and varieties of peas there are also originals:

• Vegetable miracle - high-yielding, early peas of German selection. The plants are powerful, about 40-50 cm high. The variety is resistant to lodging and does not need support, forming an emerald hedge. The plant is resistant to most diseases of legumes, peas, as well as pests. Pods 10 cm long with large peas. This variety is also notable for its high taste.
• Viola — these mid-season peas were bred by the All-Russian Research Institute for Selection and Seed Production of Vegetable Crops. The variety is not picky about soil and can grow on loamy, sandy loam soil. Peas are tasty both fresh and canned. The peculiarity is that the pods can also be eaten.
• Chinese - mid-season, high-yielding peas. The length of the pods of this variety reaches 14 cm.
• Oregon - mid-early variety, from germination to harvesting the technical harvest takes 55 days. The plant is tall, up to 1 m, so it is necessary to install trellises. Oregon peas are characterized by the sweetness of the peas and the high taste of the pods. Suitable for both fresh consumption and canning.
• Split peas - is also called “winged”, because its pods are equipped with wavy protrusions extending from four sides, similar to wings. This plant has beautiful large flowers with bright red or purple petals.
• Pea variety Rocket - one of the brightest representatives of the leafless type of plants, when most of the leaves are transformed into additional tendrils.

The best pea varieties for open ground

Let's consider a few more varieties that will feel great in open ground:

• Troika - late variety of shelling peas. Ripening occurs 80-90 days after germination. The variety is considered universal.
• Firework - early-ripening peas with high yield. Plant height is from 60 to 85 cm, no staking is required. The pod grows 8-9 cm long, with 7-8 peas inside. The variety is resistant to viral infections.

Dessert varieties

It is unlikely that there will be people indifferent to the sweet pods of young green peas. Let's consider the most dessert varieties that will be a wonderful treat in your garden:

• Zhegalova 112 - sugar, mid-season, high-yielding peas. It is characterized by high taste and decorative qualities.
• Sugar slider - early ripening (from germination to the stage of technical ripeness 53-55 days) variety of leafless peas. The plant is distinguished by a long fruiting period among early varieties. The stem is 70-75 cm high, grown without support. Pods are 10 cm long, slightly curved, narrow. Sweet peas, 8-9 pieces per pod. Great for fresh consumption, canning and freezing.
• Baby sugar - an early-ripening, high-yielding variety. The length of the plant is 75-80 cm, it does not need trellises or garters. The pods are slightly curved, 10-12 cm long. The plant is characterized by excellent taste (soft, sweet), and ease of care. A special feature of the variety is the absence of a parchment shell in the pods, which allows the peas to be eaten together with the pods. The fruits are suitable for fresh consumption and processing.

How to choose peas: useful tips and tricks

Now there is a huge selection of excellent varieties. Choose the appropriate option based on your taste preferences and growing characteristics in the region.

Grow this useful crop on your site completely It’s not difficult, you just need to follow the basic rules:

1. To get an excellent pea harvest, we recommend choosing an open, sunny place where water does not stagnate.
2. Before sowing, it is better to fertilize the bed well, using complex fertilizers or humus and ash.
3. Remember that the plant does not like acidic soils. If this is your case, add lime to the post before sowing.
4. Planting seeds is usually done in open ground from March to June, as soon as the soil warms up to 10°C.
5. Seeds require a lot of moisture for germination.
6. Peas do not tolerate heat well, so early planting is the best decision.
7. During the germination phase, birds pose a particular danger to seeds, so it is better to cover the seeds with non-woven material.
8. During the growing season, peas will need feeding, weed removal and watering.
9. Peas are an excellent precursor for other vegetable crops; they have a beneficial effect on the soil.

Conclusion

In order for peas to please you with a high yield, carefully choose a variety, taking into account your needs and growing conditions. Whether you need an early harvest or want to enjoy peas at the end of summer and add them to your favorite preparations in the fall, look at the ripening period.

You can choose varieties of different ripening periods and enjoy them throughout the summer season. Pay attention to the variety’s demands on soil, as well as the growing climatic conditions. Also remember that peas come in shelling and sugar varieties. Some plants need support - it all depends on your design decisions at the dacha.