We understand the varieties of eggplants: what are their differences
The fast and persistent King of the North, the cold-resistant Black Handsome, the big Sailor and the solid Sophia. These are not TV series characters, but varieties of eggplants - each with its own character, preferences and advantages.
We have collected a detailed description of eggplant varieties with photos, as well as the secrets of choosing them correctly.
How to choose eggplant seeds
The choice of variety depends on the growing region. Late-ripening and mid-ripening varieties are suitable for warm regions with a temperate climate and fertile soil, and early-ripening varieties for cold regions. If eggplant grown in open ground, hybrids that are frost-resistant and easy to care for are recommended - they are immune to external climatic changes. For growing in the greenhouse, varieties are selected that are resistant to high humidity and heat.
Important! When purchasing, pay attention to the seed manufacturer, expiration date, photographs of the harvest and the integrity of the packaging. Study recommendations for planting and care.
Early varieties and hybrids
Early varieties and hybrids of eggplant are suitable for growing in the Urals and Siberia. They are not demanding on soil composition and care.
King of the North f1
Early ripening hybrid ripens in 90-100 days. The fruits set together, the fruiting period is extended. The King of the North is immune to the main crop diseases - powdery mildew and late blight. The fruits are glossy, with a dense purple skin. Length - 30 cm, weight - 150-200 g.The pulp is white, pleasant to the taste.
Bibo f1
Ripens in 95-105 days. The plant is compact, with powerful shoots and a developed root system. The leaves are green and wavy. The fruits are oval-round, light beige in color. Weight varies from 180 to 200 g, length - 22 cm, diameter - 8 cm. Thick skin protects eggplants from rapid spoilage. The pulp is snow-white and has a pleasant taste. Bibo Suitable for growing on an industrial scale.
Black handsome
The ripening period is about 90 days. The variety shows stable yield and bears fruit even in cold weather. It is planted in spacious beds. The fruits are elliptical in shape, dark purple, glossy in color. Length - 15 cm, weight - about 300 g. From 1 sq. m harvest up to 12 kg of crop. In use Black handsome universal - eggplants are used for canning and pickling, stewed, fried and stuffed.
Behemoth f1
Ripening period is 105-115 days. Eggplant Hippopotamus is unpretentious in care. It is planted both in open ground and in greenhouses. The weight of the fruit is about 100 g, length is 18 cm. The hybrid is universal in use and is distinguished by tasty pulp. Vegetables make nutritious and juicy snacks, pickled and pickled dishes. The hybrid Behemoth is grown for personal consumption and sale.
Galina f1
The fruit has light and tender flesh, suitable for canning. Reviews of eggplant Galina f1 say that it shows stable productivity and produces tasty and juicy fruits. From 1 sq. m harvest 4-5 kg of crop. Eggplant weight is about 120 g, color is purple.
Mid-season varieties and hybrids
Varieties with medium ripening periods are grown in central Russia. To get a rich harvest, they need fertile and loose soil.
Albatross
Plant height - 80 cm, medium-sized leaves. Ripening period - 130 days. The weight of the fruit varies from 150 to 200 g, length - 18 cm, diameter - 5 cm. The color is dark purple, the stalk is large. The pulp is light beige, the taste is neutral. From 1 sq. m harvest about 7 kg of crop.
Diamond
The ripening period is 128 days from the moment of seed germination. To obtain a rich harvest, they are planted in seedlings. The length of the fruit varies from 15 to 17 cm, the average weight is 220 g. The flesh is pleasant, light, and the peel is purple. Variety Diamond appreciated for long shelf life and transportability, grown for sale. Productivity varies from 4 to 6 per square meter. m.
Marzipan
The plant reaches a height of 65-70 cm, the bushes are compact. Eggplant weight - 300 g, length - 18 cm. The shape of the fruit is pear-shaped, the peel is black-violet of medium thickness, the flesh is white with a sweetish taste. From 1 sq. m harvest from 3 to 5 kg of crop. The Marzipan variety is suitable for growing in small areas.
Sailor
Ripening period is 125-140 days. The Matrosik eggplant got its name due to its striped color. The pear-shaped fruits are light purple in color and have white veins; the eggplants look appetizing and original. Weight - up to 250 g, length - 15 cm. The pulp is pearl-colored, sweet. From 1 sq. m gardeners collect about 5 kg of beautiful and tasty fruits.
Roma f1
Tall plants reach a height of 2 m; they are grown in greenhouses and open ground. Ripening period - 130 days. Length - 23 cm, weight - up to 300 g. The peel is dark purple, dense. The shape is pear-shaped, the flesh is dense and fleshy, without bitterness. From 1 sq. m harvest about 5 kg. The hybrid is used immediately after harvesting - vegetables are not suitable for long-term storage.
Late ripening varieties and hybrids
Such eggplants are planted through seedlings - this helps strengthen the plant’s immunity, enhance their protection against diseases and pests.
Sophia
The ripening period is 140 days. The tall plant reaches a height of 1.5 m. The fruits are large, pear-shaped, the weight of one is 700-800 g. The pulp is light, without bitterness. The peel is thick, so the fruits do not crack, and the harvest is suitable for transportation over long distances. From 1 sq. m harvest from 5 to 7 kg of juicy eggplants.
Mishutka
The plants are miniature, reaching a height of 80 cm. The ripening period is 145 days. The shape of the fruit is round-pear-shaped, weight - up to 300 g, length - 16 cm, diameter - 8 cm. The peel is black, glossy. Productivity - 5 kg per 1 sq. m. The Mishutka variety is universal in use; vegetables are used for preparations summer snacks and salads. Eggplants harmoniously combine with garlic, tomatoes and herbs.
Bull forehead
The ripening period is 150 days. The variety is unpretentious in cultivation and is suitable for planting in any region. Eggplant length is 20 cm, weight is up to 1 kg. The peel is glossy, brownish-violet. The pulp is dense, light beige, and not bitter. The harvest is suitable for processing and long-term storage. Eggplants of the Bull's forehead variety are distinguished by their high content of phosphorus, calcium and iron.
The best varieties and hybrids for open ground
Varieties and hybrids for open ground are immune to insect pests and diseases. Productivity does not depend on rain, winds and other climatic features.
Alekseevsky
The advantage of the variety is its resistance to frost and cold. The branched bushes grow up to 75 cm. The fruit ripening period is 120 days. Eggplant weight is 150 g, cylindrical in shape, tender flesh. Productivity - 9 kg per 1 sq. m. The variety is universal in application.
Vakula
Suitable for growing in gardens and fields. The plant is 1.5 m high, the fruit ripening period is 95-105 days. The pulp is dense, sweetish. The peel is thick, dark purple in color. The weight of one fruit is 400 g, per 1 sq. m harvest up to 12 kg. The Vakula variety is stored for up to three weeks in basements and cellars.
Joker
Up to 10 fruits are formed on one plant, so the bushes need a garter. Plant height is 1.4 m, ripening period is 90 days. The shape of the fruit is rounded and elongated, the color is lilac. Length - 19 cm, diameter - 7 cm. The pulp is light, without a bitter taste. Productivity - 8 kg per 1 sq. m.
Bourgeois f1
Ripening period - 110 days. Hybrid It is characterized by a stable harvest and friendly fruiting. The height of the plant is 1.5 m. The round fruits are of a rich purple color, the weight of the fruit is up to 1 kg, the diameter is 14 cm. The hybrid is resistant to late blight and powdery mildew. To obtain a rich harvest, gardeners regularly fertilize beds with liquid manure.
Negus
Resistant to weather changes. Plant height - 50-60 cm, suitable for landings in small areas. The shape of the fruit is round, the skin is purple, glossy. Weight varies from 200 to 300 g. The pulp is tender and not bitter. Productivity - 5 kg per 1 sq. m. The Negus variety is valued for its taste; it is obtained from eggplants delicious caviar.
Chinese lantern
Original red eggplants decorate the garden. The height of the bush is 70 cm, the flowers are large and white. Ripening period - 115 days. The shape of the fruit is round, the color is red or bright orange. The pulp is yellow-white, tasty and pleasant. Weight - 170 g, yield - 3 kg per plant. The harvest looks impressive as a festive table decoration.
Emerald f1
In cultivation, the hybrid is unpretentious and frost-resistant, resistant to diseases. Plant height is 1 m, spreading shoots.Ripening period is 110 days from the appearance of the first shoots. The fruits are elongated, green in color. Vegetable weight - up to 450 g. The pulp is not bitter, beige in color. Productivity - 5 kg per 1 sq. m.
Dragon
The variety is popular in the Urals and Siberia; it can grow in weak soils. Plant height is 1 m, foliage is average. The ripening period varies from 105 to 125 days. The fruits are pear-shaped, the skin is smooth and glossy, purple. Eggplant weight - 300 g, length - 20 cm. Productivity - 5 kg per 1 sq. m.
Multi-colored varieties
Multi-colored eggplants will decorate any garden - the original fruits of unusual colors are pleasing to the eye. Gardeners highlight:
- White egg. Vegetables look like white eggs - they have a smooth white skin that resembles an eggshell. Fruit weight - 200 g, length - 10 cm. Pulp to taste resembles mushrooms.
- Kermit. Small green fruits with white veins. The weight of the fruit varies from 80 to 150 g. The harvest is consumed raw and boiled.
- Mantle. Eggplants have yellow-orange skin with green stripes. The weight of the vegetable is about 120 g. The taste is without bitterness, the variety is universal in use.
Round varieties
Round eggplants in cultivation and care do not differ from oval and cylindrical. Outwardly, they resemble large apples. Common varieties:
- Helios. The variety is grown in greenhouses and open ground. The color is dark purple, the weight of the fruit is about 120 g. The yield is 5 kg per square meter. m.
- Globe. Early ripening eggplants weigh 80-100 g. The peel is purple with white stripes. The pulp is tasty, without bitterness.
- Leader. The fruits are dark, black-violet, and the skin is thick. The harvest is stored for a long time. From 1 sq. m harvest about 6 kg.
Tall eggplants
Tall bushes are grown in greenhouses.A month after planting, they are tied to a support so that the shoots do not break under the weight of the fruit.. The most famous:
- Baikal f1. The height of the plant reaches 1.4 m. The hybrid is resistant to humidity and sudden changes in weather. The pear-shaped fruits are purple in color. Eggplant weight is 89 g, the flesh is juicy and tasty.
- Policeman f1. The height of the plant reaches 3 m. The fruits are cylindrical, large. The weight of one is about 200 g. Harvest Gorodovoy is used for preparing winter preparations.
- Fabina f1. Plant height is 1.3 m, foliage is average. The fruits are purple with a bright glossy sheen. Suitable for long distance transportation.
short
Low-growing eggplants take up little space, so they are convenient for growing in compact garden plots. Doesn't need a garter. Common:
- Bagheera f1. The bushes are compact, reaching a height of 80 cm. The fruits are elastic, weight - 60-100 g. The taste is rich, the flesh is light. Eggplants are stored for a long time and do not lose their presentation.
- Bull heart f1. A mid-season hybrid ripens in two months. The height of the plant is 70 cm. The weight of the eggplant is about 400 g, the skin is shiny and purple. The taste is deep, there is no characteristic bitterness.
- Robin Hood. The height of the bush is about 90 cm. The color of the fruit is light lilac, weight is 250 g. The variety is resistant to insect pests and is unpretentious in care.
Without seeds
Eggplants without seeds are actively used in cooking. They make the most delicious and beautiful dishes. Such fruits are used for baking and stewing, preparing vegetable casseroles and stews:
- Galich. The ripening period is 114 days from the moment the first shoots appear. The fruits are cylindrical and elongated, one weight is 185 g. The color is purple, glossy.The tasty and juicy pulp without seeds is used to prepare juicy and tender caviar.
- Mileda f1. Ripening period - 100 days. The hybrid is grown in central Russia. The vegetables are oval-cylindrical, fruit weight is 120 g. The pulp is dense, with a rich taste.
- Lolita f1. Plant height - 3 m. Suitable for growing in a greenhouse. Eggplant weight - 300 g, length - 20 cm. The pulp is medium density, light green.
Conclusion
Seeds of the best eggplant varieties guarantee high and stable yields. The choice of seeds depends on the growing location and climatic conditions. Early varieties are chosen for regions with short and cold summers, late and middle ones - for the middle zone and south. Seedless varieties are suitable for preparing various dishes; they are distinguished by their tender and dense pulp. Eggplants make nutritious and healthy snacks and salads.