How to properly plant raspberries in the fall and how to care for them further

It is impossible to unequivocally answer the question of when is the best time to plant raspberries. But there is a general observation that bushes planted in autumn take root better than those planted in spring and produce a higher yield.

How unmistakable choose a raspberry variety for autumn planting, how to properly plant and care for the plant - we will tell you further.

The best raspberry varieties for autumn planting

For planting raspberries Frost-resistant varieties are suitable in autumn, which include:

1. Atlant. High-yielding variety. The berries are sweet, large, weighing up to 8 g. During the year it produces 2-3 harvests. The first harvest can be harvested in mid-June, the last harvest is in early September. The variety is resistant to frost, diseases and pests. Requires abundant watering. Suitable for cultivation throughout Russia.
2. Zyugana. Belongs to perennial shrubs. The berries are large. The variety is high-yielding - you can harvest up to 6 kg of raspberries. A distinctive feature is the absence of thorns, which makes it easier to pick berries. Needs a garter and support. Fruits in the second year. Frost-resistant.
3. Polana. A variety with large berries weighing up to 14 g. Popularly called a raspberry tree. It has no thorns and needs support. Fruits in July and August. Tolerates frosts down to -30°C. The variety is resistant to pests and diseases.
4. Monomakh's hat. A raspberry variety with bright red berries up to 12 g. Productivity – 4 kg per bush. Fruits from August until the first frost. It is good to grow in central Russia. Tolerates frosts down to -25°C.

Selection and preparation of seedlings

To obtain a rich harvest of berries, you need high-quality planting material.

When purchasing a seedling, pay attention to the following signs:

• the root system is well developed (length – up to 10 cm);
• flexible, smooth shoots, thickness at the base - about 1 cm, height - up to 30-40 cm;
• shoots must have formed buds;
• without signs of diseases and pests;
• seedlings must not be damaged.

Before planting, the root system of the bush must be wrapped in damp material and polyethylene on top so that the roots do not dry out.

It is best to buy raspberry seedlings with closed roots (in containers), since their survival rate is higher.

Attention! When purchasing, choose a variety zoned for a specific region and its climate. It is better to buy planting material in nurseries and garden centers.

Landing dates

The timing of autumn planting of raspberries depends on the climatic conditions of the region and varietal qualities.

So, in the south of Russia, raspberries are planted in late autumn, in the second half of October. In the Moscow region and the middle zone - at the end of September. In colder regions (in the North-West of Russia, in Siberia and the Urals), the berries are planted earlier - in the first ten days of September.

Raspberries must be planted in such a timed manner that there are 20-30 days left before the first frost. During this period, the seedlings must take root and adapt to new conditions. Therefore, you need to focus on current weather conditions and the medium-term forecast.

How to plant raspberries in the fall

When planting raspberries, it is necessary to follow a number of recommendations in order to obtain an excellent harvest in the future.

Selecting a location

Raspberries require maximum sun exposure.She does not like wind and drafts, so the ideal site is on the south side near the fence. The culture is moisture-loving, but waterlogging negatively affects its root system and rot appears.

Attention! Raspberry seedlings should not be planted in lowlands or areas where water stagnates.

Raspberries grow well in fertile, sandy, loamy, neutral soils.

The best predecessors for raspberries are pumpkin, cucumbers, squash, zucchini and green manure. The bad ones are eggplants, tomatoes, potatoes and strawberries.

It is not advisable to plant raspberries next to trees, grapes and sea buckthorn. The best neighbors are dill and blackberries. It is replanted in the same place only after 5-6 years.

Required materials and tools

You will need slate, boards, old containers with a diameter of 50-60 cm, a shovel, gloves, a bucket or watering can, insulation, wood ash, organic and mineral fertilizers.

Step-by-step instruction

With the bush planting method, holes are dug with a diameter of 50-60 cm and a depth of 40 cm.

Pour a bucket of humus, 30 g of superphosphate and 30 g of potassium salt into the bottom, mix everything and pour in 8 liters of water.

The seedling is placed in the hole, the roots are straightened and covered with soil. To eliminate air pockets, the seedling is lightly shaken during planting. At the end of the process, the soil around it is compacted.

Next, the seedling is pruned - shortened with pruning shears so that a length of 15-20 cm with 3-5 buds remains.

Water the seedling again with water (8-10 l), mulch the soil around it with peat, humus or sawdust.

Mistakes to Avoid

Even experienced gardeners sometimes make mistakes:

1. The raspberries were planted early. She managed to send out young shoots before the frost, so she will not be able to survive the winter.
2. The plant was planted late or cropped too high, which is why it didn’t have time to take root. It may die during the winter.
3. The raspberry garden is organized in a heavily shaded place. The plant is strongly drawn to the light, spends energy on it, and the berry harvest decreases.
4. Poor quality planting material is used - plants that are too mature, with dry roots, damage and diseases.
5. The distance between plants is not maintained, the plantings are thickened, which negatively affects the harvest.

Planting methods

Raspberries in dachas and household plots are most often planted using bush (pit) and trench methods, and on farms the belt method is most often used.

The bush method is the most common; it is best used in regions with high humidity. In a sparse raspberry tree there is good ventilation between plants, therefore the incidence of disease is reduced. No preliminary preparation of the site is required; all fertilizers are applied during planting.

Belt method involves the formation of strips (rows) of seedlings. With such dense planting, the rows are filled with shoots, and fruiting accelerates. The yield is higher, but it is also more difficult to care for them.

Container method used in small areas. A raspberry seedling is planted in a container that is buried in the ground.

With the trench method dig a trench 50 cm deep and 60 cm wide, lay a nutrient layer of branches on the bottom, foliage, humus.

Attention! A board or slate can be laid along the edges of the trench to prevent the raspberry bushes from spreading to other areas.

At what distance and at what depth should I plant?

Between the seedlings, such a distance is left so that there is enough sun, air, space for growth and care for them. The distance and depth of planting depend on its method.

If seedlings are planted in rows, leave 1-1.2 m between them, and 1-1.5 m between rows. Depth – 30-40 cm.

With the tape or trench method, the distance in the rows is 50-60 cm, between the tapes - 1.8-2 m, the depth is 50-60 cm.

Further care of seedlings

Care after planting is to maintain soil moisture and prepare for winter.

Usually there is enough rain in the fall, so additional watering is not required. In dry autumn weather, seedlings are watered after 2-3 days with warm water and hilled up so that there is no crust on the ground.

To quickly root plants, you can use “Kornevin” or “Heteroauxin”. The first time is watered with a solution (2 l) after planting after 10-12 days, repeat watering after the same period.

Many also use folk remedies - infusions of nettle, onion peel and male fern. The preparation recipe is the same: 1 kg of the product is infused in 10 liters of water for two days. When watering one seedling, use 1-2 liters of infusion.

In advance of frost, a thick layer (up to 10-15 cm) of mulch is poured to protect the root system. Immediately before frost, the plantings are covered with insulation.

Reference. Peat, sawdust, straw, rotted leaves or compost are used for mulching.

Features of autumn planting depending on the region

Breeders have developed frost-resistant raspberry varieties for cultivation in cold climates.

In the cold regions of Siberia and the Urals Raspberries are planted in early September or the planting is postponed until spring. This is due to the fact that autumn here is rainy and cold. Seedlings often do not have time to take root and die. It is better to use frost-resistant raspberry varieties, and use the trench method for planting - it helps the plants survive the harsh winter.The raspberry tree must be located in the depths of the garden - this way the seedlings will be protected from the wind.

In the southern regions the best time to plant – period from mid-September to early October. Young seedlings will have time to take root well before the first frost, overwinter and begin to grow actively in the spring.

In the middle zone, Moscow region favorable time for planting is September. Frost-resistant raspberry varieties take root well here.

Conclusion

If you wisely choose seedlings for autumn planting, carry it out correctly and care for the raspberries, the result will not take long to arrive. A well-groomed raspberry tree will produce strong shoots and a rich harvest. If the planting dates are observed, the seedlings quickly take root and bear fruit every year.