Instructions for beginner gardeners: how to prune roses after flowering in the summer so that they bloom again
Roses are able to delight gardeners with the second and third wave of flowering. To stimulate re-bud formation, it is recommended to prune faded flowers from June to August, depending on the growing region. The purpose of the procedure is to eliminate sluggish buds that draw strength from the plant. We'll tell you how to prune roses after flowering in the summer so that they bloom again, and how to properly care for your rose garden after the procedure.
Why prune roses after flowering?
Caring for garden roses does not end after the first abundant flowering. Pruning faded flowers and long stems stimulates a second wave, and the bushes re-bloom closer to autumn.
Reference. Non-remontant roses bloom only once a season, so additional pruning does not stimulate repeated flowering.
Pruning methods depend on the height of the bushes, the species and the season of the procedure. Spring pruning is done to shape the bush and remove excess stems.
Autumn pruning accelerates the growth of new stems and root systems, improves the nutrition of the bush, and prevents the spread of fungal infections. Cuttings After pruning, they are not thrown away, but used to propagate roses.
Do I need to cut off faded buds of roses?
Summer pruning is carried out to maintain the attractiveness of the bush, extend the flowering period and increase the number of buds.The plant directs all its energy to producing new shoots with buds.
Pruning is carried out until the plant begins to prepare for wintering and the branches become woody.
When to do it
Summer pruning of garden roses is carried out immediately after the first wave of flowering - in June - July. The exact lines depend on the climate in the growing region. New buds will bloom 3-4 weeks after the procedure, around the end of July - beginning of August.
It is important not to miss the moment and start cutting as soon as the inflorescences begin to wither and dry out. Gardeners determine the timing independently, focusing on the characteristics of the regional climate. If in the Urals or Siberia the procedure is carried out in the middle or end of August, the new shoots will not have time to ripen before the cold weather and will freeze. In the regions of the middle zone, the rose has a chance to produce new shoots and bloom before the cold weather begins.
In the south of the country, where summers are long and warm, roses bloom 3 times. The first pruning after flowering is carried out in June, the second - in July - early August. In this case, only flowers are removed, capturing no more than 3 sheets.
According to the lunar calendar
Many gardeners prefer to act according to the phases of the moon.
Favorable days for the lunar calendar in 2020:
- June: 1–6, 8, 12, 13, 17–19, 22, 23, 26–28, 30;
- July: 1–3, 7–18, 22–31;
- August: 1, 5–10, 12–17, 21–24, 26–31.
Favorable days in 2021:
- June: 2, 3, 6–8, 11–13, 16, 19–25, 29, 30;
- July: 3–8, 13–17, 19–23, 27, 28, 31;
- August: 1–6, 10–15, 17–19, 23, 27–31.
How to prune roses after flowering
To trim bushes, use a sharpened pruner, which is pre-treated with medical alcohol, a solution of copper sulfate or potassium permanganate. Wear gardening gloves to protect your hands from sharp thorns.
Before pruning, the bushes are carefully inspected and flowers whose petals are falling off are removed. Heavy blossoming buds wither and bend to the ground. At the same time, stems that grow in the wrong direction and excess growth that thickens the bush are removed.
It is correct to make a cut over a rosette of 5 small leaves, taking into account that each new shoot will grow in the direction of the leaf.
Important! When cutting a shoot above a cutting of 3 leaves, a flowering shoot does not always appear. Often new buds will form the following season.
Another important rule for pruning roses in summer is to remove buds from the branch, taking into account the growing point. At this point, the cutting connects with the leaf, and a new shoot with a bud appears from it. The age of the bushes is also important: shoots of annual roses are shortened by half above the growth point. Next year, 2-3 shoots will appear from each pruned branch. Two-year-old bushes are pruned to 2-3 eyes from the base.
On bushes older than 3 years, remove dead and weakened stems, short shoots formed after cutting in the previous season.
If a gardener has to trim an entire plantation of rose bushes, it is not at all necessary to be scrupulous in determining the location of the cut. In this case, it is enough to cut the shoot at a distance of 5–8 mm above the selected leaf, since the growth points are located nearby.
It happens that a healthy shoot does not form a bud at the end. If you look closely, you can see that he simply does not have a growth point. The top flower bud may die due to lack of moisture or spring frosts.
Such shoots are called dormant or blind. It is important to see them in time and cut them below 1-2 true compound leaves before the first flowering in spring or summer, no later than August.Otherwise, new shoots will not have time to become woody before the cold weather.
What mistakes to avoid
Novice gardeners mistakenly remove only the upper part of the shoot - one crown.
Such gentle pruning leads to the fact that side shoots begin to form from the axils of the upper leaves. They grow weak and thin, and the buds are small. As a result, the bushes look untidy, bloom sparingly and are unattractive.
Features of pruning bush roses
Climbing, indoor and hybrid tea roses have their own procedure.
Pruning roses with large buds is done a little differently: they remove the stem with the flower to a certain place. For bush and tea roses, after flowering, part of the stem above the first leaf is removed.
Pletistykh
The buds of climbing roses form exclusively on last year's shoots. After flowering, old shoots are cut only if new ones have already formed on the bush.
Climbing bushes are formed in a horizontal direction. Pruning is carried out at the end of August, cutting off old lashes at a height of 30–40 cm from the base.
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Room
Indoor roses can bloom again with proper care.
To stimulate bud formation, the shoots are pruned in early spring, then the procedure is repeated when there are 3 live buds left on the branches. In such roses, the shoots that grow inside the bush and with sluggish buds are pruned.
Hybrid tea
Bushes of hybrid tea roses are pruned in the shape of a ball. Buds of this variety are formed on the current year's shoots, so after flowering, gardeners have to remove most of them.
Trimming scheme:
- on one- and two-year-old shoots, 2–4 buds are left, retreating 15 cm from the ground level;
- 4–6 buds are left on adult shoots, maintaining a distance of 20 cm from the soil level, and 2–4 buds on side stems.
Floribundas
The floribunda variety has several flowers on one stem.
The rules for pruning it are the same as for hybrid tea roses. However, some gardeners believe that in multi-flowered varieties (floribundas, scrubs, climbing climbers, groundcovers) it is important to cut off the buds above the first five-leafed plant. Both types of pruning give excellent results.
Ground cover
Ground cover roses are pruned like climbing roses. This variety simultaneously forms many flower clusters on one shoot. New lateral flower shoots form very quickly after summer pruning. From such plants, only the tops with dried flowers and three upper leaves are removed.
Care after pruning
After summer pruning, the bushes need timely watering. Installing an automatic system will be an ideal option and will free the gardener’s hands from routine work. The system is set up so that water flows under the bush in doses, at certain intervals.
If the rose garden does not take up much space on the site, gardeners make do with hand watering. Experienced flower growers recommend moistening the soil only under the bush, without affecting the leaves and buds. Water consumption per bush is 5–15 liters of water.
The water is preheated in the sun. Watering is carried out 1–3 times a week, depending on the air temperature and the degree of water absorption in the flowerbed. If the soil is dry within a day, increase the frequency of moistening, but try not to overwater the bushes. The root system suffers greatly from this; rot appears on the roots.
Attention! Watering is done in the morning or evening. In the midday heat, roses are not irrigated, because drops of moisture on the leaves lead to burns.
To maintain lush flowering, the rose garden is fed with granular fertilizers, which are scattered around the tree trunk 3-4 times a season.
For foliar fertilizing use liquid fertilizers and bud formation stimulants (“Epin”, “Zircon”, “Bud”). Any complex mineral compositions with potassium and phosphorus (for example, monopotassium phosphate) are suitable.
An infusion of chicken manure (1:15) or mullein (1:10) is added when watering in the morning or evening. In autumn, roses are fertilized exclusively with a potassium-phosphorus mixture to stimulate the ripening of shoots before wintering.
Advice from experienced gardeners
Advice from experienced flower growers will help maintain the beauty of the rose garden and achieve a second and even third flowering per season:
- Cut off fading buds as soon as the petals begin to wilt.
- Cut the flower 5–10 mm above the bud, which will produce new buds in the future.
- On large-flowered roses, remove the stem along with the cinquefoil to encourage reblooming.
- Cut the shoot at an angle of 45°, since a perpendicular cut increases the risk of developing a fungal infection due to moisture that accumulates in this place. At an angle, drops of moisture flow faster.
- When trimming limp buds, be careful not to pinch the stalk. After this procedure, weakened shoots grow.
- To prevent the development of fungal infections, treat the damage with PVA glue.
- Treat thick and wide sections with garden varnish or RanNet paste.
Conclusion
Summer pruning of roses is carried out from June to August. In the south of the country, the procedure begins earlier, in colder regions - a little later.Be sure to take into account climatic conditions: if you are late with cutting, the shoots will not have time to ripen before the first frost.
In climbing varieties, old lashes are removed at a height of 30–40 cm from the base. For indoor roses, shoots are pruned at the beginning of spring, then the procedure is repeated when 3 live buds remain on the branches. In hybrid tea roses, 2–4 buds are left on one- and two-year-old shoots, and 4–6 buds on adult bushes. The general rule for pruning roses is to remove buds with limp petals along with 5 leaves.
After pruning, the bushes are watered 1–3 times a week, fed with bud formation stimulants, potassium-phosphorus compounds, and solutions of chicken or cow droppings.