We choose self-pollinating varieties of cucumbers for the greenhouse that are disease-resistant
For cultivation in greenhouse conditions, early-ripening, disease-resistant, and self-pollinating, or parthenocarpic, cucumbers are in great demand. This article will tell you what pros and cons they have and what the nuances of caring for the crop are.
What are self-pollinating cucumbers?
Parthenocarpic cucumbers — this is a series of hybrids whose inflorescences are unisexual, most often female. Such varieties do not require pollination by bees, and the fruits grow without seeds inside.
Parthenocarpic cucumbers unlike the classic ones, they have some advantages:
- they are grown without loss of yield in greenhouses and at home, where insects do not penetrate;
- the fruits are identical to each other in size and color;
- do not turn yellow over time due to the absence of seeds inside.
Among parthenocarpic cucumbers, there are hybrids intended for both indoor and for open ground. Some of them need temporary shelter made of film or other material.
Important features of parthenocarpic cucumbers:
- During growth, unisexual flowers (usually female) are formed, so there is a large load on each bush. They require appropriate care - trimming the lower nodes, reliable garter, sorting fruits, etc.
- The process of self-pollination does not require shaking the flowers.
- Parthenocarpic cucumbers should not be grown in the same area as classic bee-pollinated cucumbers, since insects land on all plants indiscriminately.This harms parthenocarpic cucumbers - they grow crooked, ugly, pear-shaped.
The process of self-pollination looks like this: pollen from the flower is poured onto its own pistil, and ovaries are formed, which in the future form fruits.
Self-pollinating varieties and hybrids of cucumbers for greenhouses, resistant to diseases
Below are parthenocarpic hybrids that are most often grown in a greenhouse/greenhouse. They are not susceptible to disease and have high yields, thanks to which they successfully compete with bee-pollinated ones.
Important! Hybrids, unlike the usual classic cucumber, have greater resistance to diseases, pests, and unfavorable conditions. At the same time, they are famous for their stable and sustainable yield. They almost completely lack barren flowers.
Ultra early
The earliest hybrids produce a harvest in the first 40 days of the growing season. They resistant to temperature changes in closed conditions.
Boy with Thumb F1
Fruits on 37-39 days. The climbing of the branches is average, the foliage is sparse. Axillary ovaries from 2 to 6 pcs. Cucumbers grow with small tubercles and white spines, weighing 50-70 g, 7-10 cm long. The hybrid is universally used.
Productivity is high - 10-13 kg per 1 m². cucumbers Tom Thumb not susceptible to cucumber mosaic virus, olive spot, powdery mildew. They grow well and produce crops in closed and open ground with favorable external conditions.
Ant F1
The fruits are formed on 37-38 days. The branching is weak, the fruits are oval, with tubercles and white pubescence. Weight - 80-100 g, length - 8-11 cm. Good yield - 10-12 kg per 1 m². The hybrid is universal in terms of storage and preparations.
The ant is not susceptible common cucumber mosaic virus, olive spot, powdery mildew.Recommended for planting in protected soil.
Furo F1
Fruits on 37-39 days. Branching is average, the root system is strong, there are short but powerful lateral shoots. Ovaries from 2 to 4 pcs.
Cucumbers are abundantly spiked, dark green, weighing 70-80 g, 10-12 cm long. The yield is 20 kg per 1 m². Resists cladosporiosis, cucumber mosaic virus, and powdery mildew. Furo is grown only in greenhouses.
Early ripening
Ripening period is 40-48 days. Early ripening fruits are intended for fresh consumption, since in the middle of summer few people engage in pickling and pickling.
Murashka F1
The fruits ripen in 43-48 days. Branching is not abundant, shoots are strong. Ovaries from 4 to 6 pcs. The fruits are short, cylindrical, with large tubercles and dark spines. Weight - 90-110 g, length - 12-13 cm. Productivity - 10-12 kg per 1 m². Murashka not susceptible to root rot, true and downy mildew.
Real Colonel F1
Fruits in 40-42 days. Branching and foliage are average, the plant itself is vigorous. Ovaries from 1 to 3 pcs. Ripe cucumbers are cone-shaped, with a short neck, white pubescence and sparse tubercles, of a standard green color. Weight - 100-120 g, length - 10-15 cm. They germinate together, yield - up to 13 kg per 1 m². Hybrid A real colonel not susceptible to cladosporiosis and cucumber mosaic virus. It feels comfortable both in open ground with shelters and in greenhouses/greenhouses.
Mid-early
The growing season of mid-early hybrids ranges from 45-50 days or more. They suitable for winter preparations.
Pasadena F1
Fruits in 45-48 days. Branching is average, foliage is weak. 2 ovaries in each sinus. Ripe cucumbers are cylindrical, with white spines, regular green in color, weighing 70-80 g, length 6-9 cm.
The hybrid is suitable for canning and pickling. Fruits abundantly in greenhouses and other protected soils with suitable conditions. Pasadena is not susceptible to cucumber mosaic virus, cladosporiosis and powdery mildew.
Benefit F1
The culture ripens in 45-50 days. Medium-level branching, dense foliage. There are from 2 to 8 ovaries in the axil. Fresh fruits are dark green, with white thorns, weighing 90-100 g, 10-12 cm long.
The hybrid is used for blanks. He grows well indoors in greenhouses. Not susceptible to downy and powdery mildew, root rot.
Late
Parthenocarpic Late ripening varieties give a good harvest after 50 days.
Garland F1
The length of the fruit is 15-16 cm, there are tubercles, but no thorns. Hybrid Garland not susceptible to infections and diseases characteristic of cucumbers. Even in shaded conditions, productivity does not decrease.
Courage F1
Fruits in 45-55 days. Number of ovaries - from 2 to 10 pcs. Plants have a highly developed root system. Branching and foliage are dense. Ripe cucumbers are cylindrical, with white spines, weighing 120-150 g, length 13-16 cm. Productivity - 6-8 kg per 1 m². Courage not susceptible to root rot and downy/powdery mildew.
How to choose a specific variety
In order for cucumbers to produce a consistently high yield, they take into account climate, soil composition, characteristics of a particular variety, need for fertilizers, etc. The characteristics of the variety are written, as a rule, on a packet of seeds.
Depending on climate/region
Cold-resistant hybrids of parthenocarpic cucumbers are suitable for cool regions with windy weather.: Enthusiasm, Claudia, Alliance, Ant, Crunch, Spring, Orpheus. They are shade-tolerant, disease-resistant, and are grown in protected and unprotected soil. They ripen quickly - on average in 38-45 days.
Heat-resistant hybrids are grown in warm regions: Spring whim, Cheerful company.
If climatic conditions do not allow growing cucumbers in the garden, hybrids Garland and Berendey are suitable for home use.
In arid regions, special attention is paid to irrigation. Cucumbers are moisture-loving plants. They must not be allowed to dry out. They are watered at the roots, because water that gets on the leaves causes burns when directly exposed to sunlight.
By landing time
Early and mid-ripening hybrids are planted in mid-late spring using seedlings, late-ripening ones are prepared at the end of winter. But it is better to follow the instructions: for each specific hybrid, the packet of seeds indicates the recommended time for sowing seedlings or in the ground.
Soil requirements
Self-pollinating cucumbers require loose soilin which air circulates freely.
As a fertilizer, a composition of:
- 5 g ammonium nitrate;
- 10 g superphosphate;
- 8 g potassium sulfate;
- 10 liters of water.
The mixture is enough for a whole bed measuring 1.5x1.5 m.
Advice from experienced agronomists
For high yields, self-pollinating cucumbers are recommended to be grown using seedlings.. This way, future plants will grow stronger and mature faster in their permanent location. It is better to plant purchased seeds of self-pollinating cucumbers for a greenhouse immediately. They can be stored for up to 10 years, but every year the likelihood of germination decreases significantly.
Cucumbers (especially highly branched ones) need a garter, otherwise the stems will break and the fruits will disappear.Cucumbers are fed once every 9-12 days with organic and mineral fertilizers (10 g of urea or 200-250 g of manure per 10 liters of water). Water with warm water once every 2-3 days.
Conclusion
There are many self-pollinating cucumber hybrids. When choosing, they are guided by climatic conditions, soil quality and planting time. Almost all parthenocarpic hybrids are resistant to common crop diseases, but this does not mean that preventive and care measures can be neglected.