How to plant grapes in the fall using cuttings

Propagation of grapes by cuttings allows you to fully preserve the varietal characteristics of the selected plant. Planting grapes in autumn cuttings are the fastest way to propagate your favorite varieties on your site. It is important to prepare planting material in compliance with agrotechnical rules. Read on to learn how to plant grapes using cuttings in the fall.

How to take cuttings in the fall

Grapes are distinguished by their ability to instantly regenerate and restore sprouts. This feature allows you to grow a new full-fledged bush from a part of a stem with a bud on your own.

Deadlines

The time required to prepare material for cuttings depends on the region where the crop is cultivated. Chubuki for propagation should be cut out correctly in the fall, after the leaves fall, before the first morning frosts.

Attention! In the southern regions, where uncovered viticulture is practiced, chibouks are harvested in the spring. In the rest - in the fall.

Trimming instructions

Cuttings are cut grapes from healthy mother bushes with excellent yield. To collect cuttings, the vine is cleared of stepsons and tendrils.

High-quality planting material meets the following characteristics:

• the most even shoots with solid wood;
• absence of diseases (short knot, necrosis, etc.);
• uniform color of the bark without inclusions or damage;
• lack of drying and bark color characteristic of the variety;
• stem thickness - from 6 to 9 mm, length - from 50 to 100 cm;
• a piece from the middle part of the vine with 2-3 live buds.

Cutting the cuttings is carried out with a clean, disinfected instrument.. The cut is made obliquely, at an angle of 45°, from top to bottom towards the center of the bush. The lower incision is made as close as possible to the eye, and the upper one is made 2-3 cm above the remaining buds.

Preparing shoots for planting before winter

Preliminary preparation of cuttings for planting increases immunity and significantly increases germination in the spring.

If immediate planting with stems without roots is intended in a permanent place, proceed as follows:

1. The upper cut is dipped into molten paraffin for 3-5 seconds.
2. The root zone is immersed in a reservoir with water and a growth stimulator for a day.
3. Planted in prepared holes or trenches with fertile soil.

Used as a growth stimulant sodium humate, “Zircon”, “Epin”.

Another popular way of planting grape seedlings with young roots - keeling. The purpose of kilching is to stimulate the formation of the root system of the shank, but to delay the moment of bud bursting.

The essence of the method is to plant the prepared material in tanks with a heat-generating substrate and place it in a room with cold air. The root part will constantly warm up, and the eyes will sleep. Steamed and disinfected sphagnum moss, quartz sand, and hardwood sawdust are used as heat-generating substrates. All that is required of the gardener is to periodically moisten the substrate, preventing it from drying out. The process takes 18-21 days.

Planting chibouks in open ground without roots

Many winegrowers store prepared cuttings all winter in the basement, but planting blanks without roots in the fall has an important advantage - the very early growing season of seedlings in the spring.

Selecting a location

Grapes are a heat-loving crop. The optimal place for its cultivation at the dacha is the area along the south side of a brick house or barn.. During the day, masonry accumulates heat from the sun's rays and gradually releases it at night. This creates conditions that are as close to natural as possible.

Soil preparation

Light, fertile soils are considered the best for grape culture.that quickly warm up in the sun: sandstones, sierozem, chestnut soils. Planting in heavy clay soils with a high level of groundwater has a negative effect on the crop. In such a place, the delicate root system does not receive enough oxygen, withers and dies. Before planting, add sand, gravel, and broken bricks to heavy soil to organize drainage.

Attention! Grapes are not planted in holes and depressions, under tree crowns and in areas with poor ventilation.

The most effective method of soil cultivation on the site for planting a large number of chibouks - planting. It consists of the following stages:

1. The soil is completely transferred using a walk-behind tractor or manually.
2. Trenches 80-100 cm wide are prepared for planting.
3. The soil is fertilized with mineral fertilizers or organic matter.
4. The bottom of the trench is drained with large crushed stone, expanded clay, and broken tiles.
5. The trench is half filled with fertile soil.
6. Grape cuttings are planted in the ground.

The topmost layer of soil for backfilling, 20-30 cm thick, is enriched mineral-organic mixture per 1 m2²:

• 1 bucket of rotted manure;
• 100 g superphosphate;
• 100 g potassium salt.

It is advisable to prepare the place for autumn planting in the second half of summer - late July - early August. Until autumn, the soil will have time to subside naturally.

Interesting things on the site:

A guide to properly preparing grapes for winter

Step-by-step instructions for grafting grapes in the fall

When and how to transplant grapes to another place in the fall

Planting process

The process of planting blanks without roots in the fall is extremely simple. and is called “schooling”. During schooling, seedlings are rooted in moist, but not wet soil, tilted to the south.

Boarding at school is organized as follows::

1. Dig trenches 30 cm deep and 25-30 cm wide. Row spacing is 40-45 cm.
2. Humus-enriched soil is poured into the trenches in a 1:1 ratio and watered with warm water.
3. The cuttings are buried into 2-3 buds at a distance of 25 cm from each other, at an angle of 45°, oriented to the south.
4. An arched shelter made of wooden supports and plastic film is arranged on top at a height of 40-50 cm.

Cuttings planted in autumn are protected from long winter frosts.

Many gardeners protect with soil, but sudden winter temperature changes will lead to icing and death of planting material. The optimal option for covering seedlings without roots is a 30-50 cm layer of spruce branches. In the spring, the cuttings are opened, inspected and transplanted to a permanent place.

Attention! Excessive insulation stimulates premature awakening and growth of cuttings.

With favorable forecasts for a short and warm winter Chubuki are planted immediately in a permanent place. The seedlings are buried two per hole, and in the spring the plantings are thinned out, leaving the leading sprout.

Planting grapevines in bottles with soil

An unexpected cold snap disrupts the gardener’s plans, and the prepared chibouks have to be put away for storage. There is a sure way to extend the growing season - plant the harvest in containers in March. Such seedlings are rooted, watered, and stored in the basement for the winter. At the beginning of April they are transferred to a warm, well-lit place. The advantage of the method is the presence of a developed vegetative part of the seedlings at the time of planting in open ground.

Soil preparation

Optimal soil composition for rooting pipes in containers:

• garden soil - 1 part;
• river sand - 1 part;
• humus - 1 part.

To prevent fungal diseases Before preparing the nutrient mixture, garden soil and sand are steamed in a saucepan, cooled at room temperature, then humus is added. The composition is mixed and kept for a day. When transferring seedlings to open ground, the earthen lump from the bottle is not destroyed.

Container size

Large grape farms use special dark polyethylene sleeves. Beginning gardeners have to look for available materials. The best option is a plastic water bottle.

The volume of the container directly depends on the time the seedling spends in the container. The larger the container, the more spacious the plant, and therefore the root system. On average, the rooting process takes 2 months. During this period, the grapes grow a root system equal in volume to the diameter of a two-liter bottle.

If containers of a larger diameter are used, the root will not have time to cover the entire volume of soil. This will lead to disruption of the earthen coma and traumatic planting in a permanent place.

Conclusion

Proper planting of grape stems in the fall allows you to preserve varietal characteristics and obtain a rich harvest of berries in the third year after rooting. This method relieves the gardener of the need to organize winter storage of expensive breeding material.