Hybrid grape Red Rose - features of care and cultivation

The Red Rose grape is a hybrid of Ukrainian selection with soft red or amber berries. The crop is characterized by early ripening, frost resistance, high yield and keeping quality, and is immune to downy and powdery mildew. By following the basic rules of agricultural technology, it is possible to maintain the health of the plant and obtain a stable harvest every year.

Read the article about the rules for growing a hybrid, care features and characteristics of the crop.

Description of the Red Rose grape hybrid

The original name of the table hybrid Red Rose is Chervona Troyanda. The authorship belongs to the famous Ukrainian amateur breeder N.P. Vishnevetsky. To create a hybrid form, he used two high-yielding grape varieties: Red Vostorg (ZOS-1) and Tsitsa resistant.

The hybrid is recommended for cultivation on personal plots, cultivation in large vineyards and rejuvenation of the old stock. It is most common in the southern and central regions of Russia, throughout Ukraine and Belarus.

The Red Rose grape took over the best characteristics from its “parents”:

• early ripening - 125-130 days;
• the number of fruiting shoots is 50-70%;
• frost resistance down to –25 °C;
• immunity to fungal diseases, oidium, mildew and insects;
• high productivity;
• ease of care, subject to the rules of planting and pruning;
• high level of transportability and keeping quality;
• presentation of the bunches.

Appearance

A distinctive feature of the hybrid is the ability to change the color of the berries depending on the lighting. If the grapes grow in a sunlit area, the berries become soft red; in the shade or partial shade the color approaches amber. The skin is covered with a waxy coating.

The brushes are conical, large, of medium density, reaching 2 kg. The average weight of the brush is 700-1200 g.

The berries are large, oval in shape, weighing 12-16 g, are not prone to peas, remain on the bunch for a long time and do not fall off. As they dry they turn into raisins. The pulp is juicy, dense, and the skin is tender and thin and cannot be felt when eaten. Each berry contains 2-6 seeds.

The taste is balanced, sweet and sour. Sugar content - 16-26%, acid - 5-9%.

The flowers are bisexual and do not require additional pollination.

Features of cultivation and care

To grow a healthy vineyard on your plot, it is important to take into account the climatic features of the region. If the winter has little snow and frosts are severe, it is preferable to plant Red Rose seedlings in a trench to protect the root system from the cold. If the winters are snowy and the summer period is short, the seedlings are planted in a bulk ridge. With this planting, the roots will have enough warmth.

Landing

Planting of the Red Rose is carried out using all known methods: seedlings, vaccination, bends. The hybrid is used for rejuvenation of old bushes. Experienced winegrowers advise planting seedlings in the autumn.

The key to a healthy grape plantation is proper planting in several stages:

1. The site should be sunny, dry, with deep underground water, protected from gusty winds and the accumulation of excess moisture.
2. The depth of the trench is 20-50 cm, depending on the type of soil.On loam, planting is done at a shallower depth, on sand and sandy loam - deeper. Broken brick or crushed stone is placed at the bottom. A layer of earth mixed with humus, 5 kg of ash and 0.5 kg of azofoska are poured on top, then a layer of clean soil.
3. A pipe is placed at the bottom to ensure access of water to the roots at the initial stage of seedling development.
4. Seedlings are purchased from specialized stores or nurseries. The root system is carefully examined - there should be no damage, dark spots or signs of rot. Before planting, the seedlings are dipped for 30-40 minutes in a mash of clay and manure in a 2:1 ratio, and the cut site is dipped in liquid paraffin.
5. The seedlings are immersed in the prepared soil in the direction from south to north, maintaining an interval of 1.5 m, the rhizome is carefully straightened and covered with fertile soil. The surface is lightly compacted, watered abundantly with clean water, and mulched with manure, peat, sawdust or straw.
6. Trellis are used as support. A wooden stake is dug in next to each seedling and a wire is pulled between them.

Interesting. The vine is mentioned not only in ancient Greek myths, but also in Slavic mythology. If among the Greeks the god of viticulture and winemaking was Dionysus, then among us the goddess of fertility, love and fun is Zhiva (Lada, Seva, Penya). In the images, she holds an apple in her right hand and a bunch of grapes in her left hand, as a symbol of success.

Nuances of care

The Red Rose hybrid appeared recently, but is already popular among winegrowers. Many of them share their secrets of caring for grapes:

1. To increase fruitfulness and maintain the same level, when pruning, leave 2-3 ovaries per shoot.
2. In order for the berries to quickly develop a beautiful reddish color, after the ovaries have formed, the shading leaves are removed.
3. Particular attention is paid to preparing the soil and the bottom of the trench in order to prevent fungal diseases. Leaves with suspicious whitish or yellowish spots are removed, and the bushes are treated with Bordeaux mixture or Ridomil.
4. The bushes have average growth potential. When planting a vineyard, this feature is taken into account and rows are formed at a distance of 2 m. When planted densely, caring for the bushes becomes difficult.
5. Grapes prefer moderate watering and do not tolerate stagnation of water, since the root system begins to rot and the plant loses resistance to fungal infections. Immediately after planting, during the period of flowering and formation of ovaries, as well as in dry and hot weather, more intensive watering is provided.

Top dressing

Red rose grapes are fed 3-4 times per season. Fertilizer consumption - 40 liters per 1 sq. m. Each fertilizer is first diluted in a small amount of water, then mixed in one container and the volume is adjusted to 40 liters.

Feeding scheme:

1. I feeding - root during the period of bud formation: 90 g of urea, 60 g of superphosphate, 30 g of potassium sulfate.
2. II fertilizing - root during the flowering period: 120 g of ammonium nitrate, 160 g of superphosphate, 80 g of potassium sulfate.
3. III fertilizing (optional, suitable for grapes grown in short summer conditions): 60 g of superphosphate, 30 g of potassium sulfate, solution of “Master”, “Aquarin”, “Plantafol”, “Novofert”, “Kemiry”. It is performed during the formation of berries, to accelerate ripening, lignification of the vine and preparation for wintering.
4. IV foliar feeding - before flowering: 40 g of urea, 100 g of superphosphate, 50 g of potassium sulfate, 5 g of boric acid per 10 liters of water. The liquid is used to spray foliage in the evening or in cloudy weather so that the composition lingers on the surface longer.

Trimming

Grapes, by their nature, form more shoots and clusters than they can provide with adequate nutrition. Therefore, pruning is one of the important stages of vineyard care. It is performed with the aim of rejuvenating bushes, stimulating the formation and growth of shoots, to obtain a rich harvest. If this is not done, the shoots will stretch out and the berries will become smaller.

In regions in severe winter grapes are covered for the winter, and pruning is carried out in the fall, 14 days after leaf fall. Trimmed bushes are much easier to cover.

In regions with a warm climate, where grapes overwinter without shelter, pruning is performed in the spring before buds appear.

Trimming rules:

• the tool must be sharp;
• the cut is made from the eye;
• the fruit arrow is left above the replacement knot;
• The vine is always cut on one side.

In the spring, remove frozen, damaged and diseased branches, shoots with signs of fattening, more than 12 mm thick, and depleted ones - less than 5 mm. 10-15 eyes and 1-2 nodes are left on one shoot.

Autumn pruning is carried out 1-2 weeks after harvest, following the recommendations:

1. The vine is cut down to living wood (light green cut).
2. 1-2 cm of shoot are left above the living bud.
3. A certain number of eyes are left on each fruit tree, depending on the growth rate of the bush. For example, if the shoot thickness is 5 mm, 5 buds are left, 9 mm - 9-11 buds, 12 mm - 13-15 buds.

Winegrowers also practice summer pruning of young grapes. The main goal is to grow strong shoots. The first pruning of one-year-old grapes is carried out in June; out of 3-4 shoots, 1-2 of the strongest ones are left. In September, minting is carried out for better ripening of the vines.

Possible problems

When growing Red Roses in cold climates, when the thermometer drops below –25°C, at the end of autumn the bushes are covered with agrofibre, slate, tarpaulin or thick film and covered with earth.

If the vineyard is located in a dark place with high humidity, the risk of infection with fungal infections increases significantly, despite the hybrid's immunity to downy and powdery mildew. To maintain its protective powers, the plant is planted in a dry and sunny place, sprayed with Bordeaux mixture in spring and autumn and periodically renewed with a layer of mulch.

The thin skin of the berries makes them attractive to wasps. To protect the crop from insects, each bunch is placed in a net or cotton bags.

Cluster moth caterpillars damage buds, flowers and berries, and can destroy 30-40% of the crop. The most harmful generations are the third and fourth. Caterpillars eat bunches of ripe grapes, so the use of chemicals is difficult.

To combat insects, the drug “Enzhio 247” is used. Liquid consumption - 500-600 ml/ha. The protection period is 7-20 days. Treatment frequency – 2 times. The drug is intended for the destruction of 2nd and 3rd generation leaf rollers.

Biological products are used to treat grapes during the fruiting period: “Fitoverm” (3 g/10 l), “Aktofit” (20 ml/10 l), “Bitoxibacillin” (60-80 g/10 l), “Lepidocid” (30 ml/10 l).

Harvesting and application

Harvesting takes place in mid-August to mid-September. The bunches are placed in boxes and store in the cellar for 3-4 months at a temperature of +2…+4 °C.

The grapes are ideal for fresh consumption, processing into raisins, compote, jelly, jam, light wine.

Conclusion

Among the many grape varieties, the new hybrid Red Rose deserves special attention.The culture was developed relatively recently, there is little information about it. The main part can be gleaned from specialized forums. Reviews about the hybrid are more than positive; winegrowers value it for its high productivity, excellent taste, weighty, loose clusters with large berries and attractive red or amber color.

The grapes are unpretentious in care, they require moderate watering, seasonal root and foliar fertilizing, pruning of the vine and the prevention of fungal diseases.