Description of self-fertile cherry varieties for the middle zone and Samara region
Cherry trees need pollinators that ensure stable yield, set and ripening of berries on time. What to do if there are few insects due to weather conditions? What will happen to the trees and flowers? In this case, gardeners prefer self-fertile varieties. What is self-fertility and which varieties are the best, we will tell you in this article.
Self-fertile cherry - what is it?
Self-fertile varieties bloom and produce crops regardless of the presence of pollinators - other plants and insects. They do not need wasps and bees, or the proximity of other cherry varieties.
Gardeners value self-fertile cherries because they independently form 50% of the fruits of the total number of flowers, while partially self-fertile and self-sterile cherries produce an average of 10%. Self-fertile varieties do not lose their ability to germinate in cool weather and guarantee stable yields.
Self-fertile cherry varieties for central Russia
The best self-fertile varieties for the middle zone are those that are not afraid of frost and cold., resistant to diseases, distinguished by large berries and juicy sweet pulp.
Large-fruited
Large cherries are used for winter harvesting and processing, and are also eaten fresh.. The size and shape of the berries depend on the growing region: the further south the cherry grows, the larger the fruits grow. If the cherry has a thick skin, the berries are transported and used for long-term storage or sale.
Lyubskaya
Late-ripening cherry variety is grown in Bryansk, Samara, Lipetsk regions. Lyubskaya is characterized by winter hardiness and early fruiting. The trees are bushy with a weak spreading crown. During the fruiting period, the crop enters its second year with moment of landing. The weight of one fruit is about 5 g, the shape is round-heart-shaped. The color is dark red or burgundy, there are many subcutaneous dark spots.
Flesh rich red, juicy. The taste is sweet and sour, the flesh is dense with a small stone that is easily separated. The stalk is long and thin. It is recommended to use Lyubskaya for processing. Productivity is from 10 to 25 kg per plant per season.
Rossoshanskaya black
The trees reach a height of 4 m, the crown is dense and spreading. Due to the large size of Rossoshanskaya black, a lot of free space is required. The weight of the fruit is from 4 to 5 g, the shape is round, the color is from dark burgundy to black. The pulp is dark red, juicy and tender, the taste is sweet and sour. Gardeners rate the taste 4.5 out of 5.
The variety is planted in the Central Black Earth region. The advantages include stable yield and resistance to coccomycosis.
Fad
Mid-season dessert variety. The tree is medium-sized, the crown is dense, round-oval. The leaves are dark green, wrinkled. The berries are flat-round, the weight of one is about 5.1 g. The peel is dense, the color is rich burgundy, the surface is glossy. The pulp is juicy, the juice is dark red, the taste is sweet and sour. Tasting score - 4.7 points out of 5. Productivity - about 6 kg per tree per season.
The variety is fast-growing, unpretentious and resistant to sudden weather changes.. It is universal in application and is famous for its attractive product qualities.
Attention! Without proper and balanced nutrition, self-fertile cherries slow down in growth, the fruits do not gain weight and taste. For fertilizers, gardeners use green manure, humus, compost, manure, and chicken droppings. They feed The plant is sprayed 2-3 times during the summer, in spring and autumn, to protect against diseases. To do this, use a solution of copper sulfate or the drug “HOM”.
Winter-hardy
In the middle zone, frosts are frequent, due to which cherries can die. This is especially true for young trees 1-2 years old. It is recommended to choose varieties that can withstand temperatures down to -35°C.
Amorelle pink
Early ripening winter-hardy variety. The tree is medium-sized with a semi-spreading crown, up to 3 m high. The weight of the fruit is up to 4 g, the shape is round, the skin is thin, dark cherry. The pulp is tender, with a small bone, the taste is sweet and sour. The thin stalk is firmly attached to the berries. Amorel pink bears fruit consistently, the yield is up to 10 kg per tree. The berries are distinguished by their shelf life, are rarely damaged by pests, and are universal in use. They are popular among gardeners from Siberia and the Urals.
Worker of Tataria
The mid-early ripening variety is characterized by winter hardiness and increased resistance to coccomycosis. The bush is medium-sized, height is about 2.5 m. The fruits are flat-round, the weight of one is 3-4 g. The peel is glossy, the color is dark burgundy. The pulp is medium dense, juicy, the taste is sweet and sour. The stone is round and easily separated from the pulp.
Cherry Toiler of Tatarstan is recommended for planting in the Middle Volga region and other areas of central Russia.
Griot Rossoshansky
Mid-early and highly self-fertile variety. The tree is tall, the crown is spreading.Griot Rossoshansky enters the fruiting period 3-4 years after planting. The berries are rounded and flattened, the weight of one is about 4 g. The skin is dark burgundy, almost black. The pulp is sweet and sour, tender and pleasant to the taste, of medium density. The stone is round with a flat base. Productivity is from 10 to 16 kg per plant per season.
Due to wet tearing, the main purpose of the crop is processing. Among the disadvantages of the variety, poor transportability and keeping quality of the fruits are noted.
short
Low-growing, or bush cherries, not only give gardeners a tasty harvest, but also decorate the site. Such trees require less space for planting; it is easier to form a crown and trim shoots.
Lighthouse
The height of the semi-spreading plant is no more than 2 m. The foliage is small, the crown is sparse. The cherry is early-fruiting and begins to bear fruit in the third year after planting. Blooms from late May to early July. The fruits are round, weighing 4-6 g. The peel is thin, glossy, dark red in color. The pulp is juicy, the taste is pleasant, sweet with sourness.
The advantages of the variety include drought resistance, winter hardiness, and versatility in use.. It is not recommended to keep cherries on the bushes for too long, as the fruits are prone to cracking. The yield, depending on the growing region, varies from 15 to 25 kg per plant per season.
Annushka
An early ripening variety produces a harvest by the end of June or beginning of July. The bushes are small, the shoots are medium-sized. The berries are large and round, the weight of one reaches 5 g. The pulp has a sweet and sour taste, the color is bright red. The detachment from the stalk is dry, so the harvest is transportable. The skin of the fruit is strong.
Annushka rarely gets sick, but with a lack of feeding she is affected by rust and cercospora.The best yield is shown if garden cherries are planted nearby. It takes root well in the Moscow region.
Youth
Low-growing, winter-hardy cherry. Early ripening, universal use. The tree is small, bush-like. The crown is medium dense, drooping. The fruits are wide-rounded, weighing from 4 to 5 g. The skin is burgundy and smooth, the stalk is dry. The pulp is dense and juicy, rich red in color. Molodezhnaya has a pleasant taste, with a refreshing sourness.
The variety is resistant to frost, the berries hang on the trees for a long time, do not fall off or crack.
Attention! Bush cherry varieties bear fruit on last year's growth. In order for compact plants to produce a consistent harvest, it is important to prune them correctly. Gardeners remove shoots that grow inside the crown. It is also recommended to remove branches that are too long, even if they already have berries. Proper and regular pruning is the key to a good harvest.
The best varieties of self-fertile cherries for the Samara region
The Samara region is characterized by cold and long winters, hot and dry summers. Gardeners choose frost-resistant and drought-resistant self-fertile varieties for planting in the region. Proper care of them and compliance with the rules of agricultural technology ensure stable yields.
The sweetest
One of sweet varieties for Samara region - Volochaevka. The tree is medium-sized, the crown is spherical, the density is average. The fruits are small, weight - from 2 to 3 g, classic cherry color. The flesh is red, the taste is sweet and juicy, with a pleasant sourness.
Volochaevka bears fruit 3-4 years after planting. The harvest is harvested from July 20 to July 30. For planting Volochaevka, choose spacious and sunny areas.The variety is unpretentious in care; The main thing is to follow the watering and fertilizing regime.
Another popular variety is Tamaris. Medium-late and frost-resistant, resistant to coccomycosis, universal in use. The tree is bushy, low growing. The weight of the rounded fruit is from 3 to 5 g. The skin is burgundy, the stalk is long, the tear is semi-dry. The pulp is tender and juicy, the taste is dessert. The stone is easily separated from the pulp. Tamaris bears fruit 2-3 years after planting. Harvest at the end of July or beginning of August.
Most productive
Cherry productivity is affected by soil and weather conditions, planting location and compliance rules of care. The Shokoladnitsa cherry has good productivity. It bears fruit in the fourth year after planting. The tree is medium-sized, the crown is raised, the density is average. The fruits are flat-round, black-burgundy in color, glossy. The pulp is red, the taste is cherry-cherry, sweet with a slight sourness.
The chocolate plant is resistant to rust and powdery mildew, and rarely suffers from coccomycosis. The harvest is harvested in the second half of July.
Also, for planting in central Russia, the self-fertile Garland cherry is chosen. The plant is tall - up to 4 m. The crown is round-oval, average density. The berries are juicy and sweet and sour, spherical, the weight of one is from 4 to 6 g. The variety is distinguished by its transportability and long shelf life, the fruits ripen together.
Depending on the conditions, gardeners annually collect from 9 to 20 kg of beautiful berries from one bush. Some are eaten fresh, some are sent for processing or frozen.
Conclusion
Self-fertile varieties are early, mid and late. Most of them are frost-resistant and have strong immunity, so they take root in central Russia.Cherry Mayak, Shokoladnitsa, Tamaris, Lyubskaya, Prichuda please gardeners with a stable harvest without the help of pollinators and other varieties.
It is recommended to plant the plant in black soil, in spacious and bright areas. Care consists of watering, fertilizing and shaping the trees. Self-fertile varieties begin to bear fruit 3-4 years after planting. The berries are used for processing, storage or fresh consumption.