Instructions for using HOM for processing tomatoes: nuances for open ground and greenhouses, precautions
Vegetable growers regularly encounter diseases that affect tomatoes. While some of them can be easily treated with folk remedies, others are more resistant and can cause the loss of the entire harvest. Late blight is one of these dangerous diseases. The most popular remedy against it is the drug “Hom”.
How often can you use “Hom” to process tomatoes, how harmful it is, what are the nuances in preparing and using the solution, is this product safe - you will learn all this from our article.
What kind of drug is this
"Hom" is a fungicidal drug, refers to contact pesticides of inorganic origin. It is able to resist pathogens of fungal and bacterial diseases.
In comparison with copper sulfate and Bordeaux mixture, used for the same purpose, it has a number of advantages. It is used on open and closed ground.
The drug is a copper chloride salt, available in the form of a green-blue powder. It is not used in its pure form; it is diluted in water before processing. Salt crystals are not destroyed by sunlight in hot weather.
How it works
The drug is widely used not only in the agricultural industry, but also in greenhouses, greenhouses and small gardens. Hom has a wide range of uses, but is most often used in the fight against disease.It is also believed that the product accelerates plant growth and fruit ripening.
The active ingredient of "Homa" is copper oxychloride. Getting into the cells of pathogens, it interferes with the process of mineralization of organic substances, which leads to their failure, as a result of which the microorganism dies.
Practice has shown that after treatment with the drug rot, mold and stains stop spreading. “Hom” affects pathogens on the surface of stems and leaves without penetrating inside.
The drug can be used even when the first symptoms of fungal infections appear, but the disease has not yet been defined.
Advantages and disadvantages
When deciding to treat the beds with the drug, you need to take into account its strengths and weaknesses.
Advantages:
- forms a film on plants that protects against infection;
- acts on the surface of the tomato without penetrating into the tissues;
- destroys the cells of the pathogen;
- does not cause resistance in pathogens;
- possibility of multiple treatments;
- does not accumulate in the plant;
- the drug completely disintegrates after six months;
- safe for humans if instructions are followed;
- has a low price.
Compared to other drugs for the treatment and prevention of diseases "Hom" has a number of advantages. The drug is less toxic, does not burn the skin, is easier to prepare and can be combined with other products.
Flaws:
- is not a medicine, it helps only as a preventive measure against diseases;
- is not able to destroy the pathogen inside the tissues;
- easily washed off with water;
- uneconomical consumption;
- unpleasant odor;
- has a third hazard class, toxic.
Indications for use
"Hom" refers to fungicides. The drug is intended for the prevention and treatment in the early stages of diseases of domestic, ornamental, garden and vegetable crops.
"Hom" resists such tomato diseases:
- late blight;
- anthracnose;
- macrosporiosis;
- brown spot.
How to prepare the drug
For standard preventive treatment use this recipe - 40 grams are diluted in 10 liters of water. drug. First you need to prepare a concentrate: dilute the powder in 70-100 ml of water. Then, stirring constantly, add water to the required volume. If "Hom" is used according to the instructions, then phytotoxicity can be avoided.
Important! To prepare the solution, it is better to use warm, settled water.
1 liter of solution is enough for about 10 sq.m., the consumption can be increased if it is necessary to spray tall varieties with more green mass. The solution remaining after the procedure cannot be stored, so when preparing it, it is necessary to take into account the area of the garden.
Instructions for use
"Hom" can only be used for spraying, it is not suitable for root watering. Treatment is carried out during the growing season of plants. The standard dilution method is used; for better adhesion of the product, low-fat milk can be added to the solution - 0.5 cups per 10 liters of water.
The prepared solution must be used immediately, not leaving for further processing. Spraying is carried out using a spray bottle; it is important to generously wet the leaves on both sides. It is better to carry out the procedure in dry, windless weather.
You can start processing tomatoes from seedlings before the flowering period. The drug’s protection will last for 2 weeks, but if there is precipitation during this period, it is better to repeat the procedure.
Experienced vegetable growers It is recommended to start spraying with copper oxychloride at the end of June. During this period, the temperature at night is +10°C, and heavy rainfall occurs. These factors often lead to the development of fungal diseases.
Read also:
We fight cladosporiosis of tomatoes in a greenhouse easily and effectively
Soil treatment
If the plants suffered from late blight last season, you can disinfect the soil before planting using “Homa”. To do this, the drug is added to the wells. It is worth considering that the active substance will destroy not only pathogens, but also beneficial microorganisms.
The harm of the drug can be reduced by using this solution - 4 g. copper oxychloride per 1 liter of water. The product is used several days before planting seedlings. You can water the beds with the solution using a watering can or pour 200 ml into the planting hole. Plants can be planted 2 days after treatment.
Precautionary measures
Follow the rules when working with the drug, which will make the treatment effective for tomatoes and safe for humans.
Basic rules for using Khoma:
- Cook every time new solution.
- Do not exceed proportions and comply with processing standards.
- Use the drug with an unexpired shelf life.
- Processing is carried out in the morning or evening at a temperature of no more than +30 °C.
- Spray not only the top leaves, but also their lower part.
- Use a robe, respirator, gloves and safety glasses.
- During processing Eating, drinking or smoking is prohibited.
- After the procedure You need to wash yourself thoroughly, rinse your mouth and wash your clothes.
- Store the drug separately from food products, as well as alkalis.
- When preparing the solution use special dishes. It should not be made of galvanized steel or iron.
- Do not store "Hom" in rooms with temperatures below +5 °C and above +30 °C.
- Perform processing in the absence of children and animals.
- Make sure that the drug did not enter water bodies.
- During the flowering period processing is undesirable.
- The drug can be combined with fungicides, pesticides, fertilizers and immunostimulants, except those that have an alkaline reaction.
When and how often to process tomatoes
"Hom" does not contribute to the development of resistance in pathogens, so each treatment with the drug will be effective. The product can be used repeatedly, but usually 3-5 applications per season are sufficient.
The validity period of one treatment is 10-14 days. The drug is very quickly washed away by precipitation, dew and water during irrigation, so the beds can be treated every 12 days.
Nuances of use
The drug is used both in open beds and in greenhouses. For spraying, you need to choose calm weather, otherwise the solution will scatter throughout the entire area. Also, the procedure should not be carried out in direct sunlight to avoid burns to the leaves.
The best time to spray is morning or evening. However, many gardeners prefer the morning time, since dew may fall at night and wash away the solution.
Important! If there is a hive with bees in the garden, you need to protect the insects. Before treatment, you need to remove the hives; the safe distance for bees is 2 km. Insects can be returned 6 hours after spraying.
In the greenhouse
Greenhouse owners often use the drug to combat late blight.. At the first signs of illness, treatment and treatment of the premises begin.In advanced cases, the plant must be uprooted and burned.
When treating plants with “Hom” you need to open the windows and doors in the room. After the procedure, the greenhouse should be ventilated for several more hours.
As a preventive measure, you can water the soil with a solution of the drug twice a season - after harvesting and before planting seedlings.
Can the solution cause harm?
Hom is toxic to fish, and although it is possible to treat areas near water bodies, it is necessary to ensure that unused drug does not get into the water.
In the first 6 hours after treatment, it is dangerous for bees and bumblebees, it is not used during flowering. Due to soil disinfection with Hom, the number of earthworms may be reduced.
The drug is also dangerous for humans, so you need to take precautions when working with it.
Actions in case of poisoning with "Hom":
- At the first symptoms take the victim outside, change clothes and rinse his mouth with water.
- If the drug comes into contact with the skin, you need to wash the area with plenty of water or soap solution.
- If "Hom" gets in your eyes, they need to be rinsed with plenty of running water in an open state for 10-15 minutes.
- If the product is swallowed the victim should be given 250 ml of milk or 500 ml of cold water, then 0.5 g. activated carbon per 1 kg of body weight. It is forbidden to artificially induce vomiting.
- Consult a doctor and show him the packaging of the drug.
Tips and tricks
The first target of late blight in the garden is often potatoes, so experienced gardeners never plant tomatoes next to this crop.. The disease can spread from diseased potatoes to tomatoes in 10 days.When treating nightshades against late blight, you should also pay attention to potato beds.
You can enhance the effect of copper oxychloride by combining it with such drugs: “Fufanom”, “Epin”, “Inta-Vir”, “Entobacterin”.
Attention! You cannot mix “Hom” with “Aktara” and lime, as they contain alkali.
For better adhesion of the solution to the leaves You can add a quarter of a piece of laundry soap instead of milk.
Reviews from vegetable growers
According to reviews, the drug copes well with various diseases garden and vegetable crops. It is easy to use; the packaging contains instructions from the manufacturer on how to properly prepare the solution.
Despite the availability of the product, its popularity has decreased somewhat recently. This is due to the appearance of organic fungicides on the market.
Irina, Anapa: “I’ve been using Hom on my site for a long time. I use it not only for tomatoes, but also for cucumbers, potatoes, onions, and garden trees. Really helps protect against disease".
Alexey, Syktyvkar: "Hom" is an excellent replacement for Bordeaux mixture, which requires compliance with the dilution rules. Copper oxychloride is easy to use, there is no need to infuse the solution, it is immediately ready for use.”
Ivan, Kazan: “The drug helps well in the fight against late blight and downy mildew. But I use it in extreme cases; after all, it is destructive for bees.”.
Popular questions
Beginning gardeners may doubt whether they are using copper oxychloride correctly.. We have collected the most common questions and provided answers to them.
Is it possible to process tomatoes during flowering?
No, the flowering period is very important for obtaining a rich harvest.. At this time, it is better to stop processing tomatoes.In addition, flowers can attract bees and bumblebees, and the drug is harmful to them.
If the plant is infected and urgent action needs to be taken, it is allowed to use “Homa” between the flowering of the first and second brush. Treatments can also be carried out with solutions that do not have waiting periods or restrictions.
Is it possible to spray during fruiting?
It is not advisable to do processing during this period.. The product is intended for spraying during the growing season. The last treatment is carried out 20 days before harvesting. The effect of copper oxychloride lasts up to 14 days, but the effectiveness of the solution largely depends on the concentration of the drug.
When can you eat tomatoes after spraying?
Experts assure that Tomatoes can be consumed 5-6 days after treatment with Hom. The fruits can not only be used in salads, but also preserved for the winter.
Conclusion
"Hom" is one of the most used drugs in the garden, but its popularity is fading. Toxic substances are being replaced by safer organic fungicides. Copper oxychloride is still effective in preventing late blight. Treatment with this drug does not provide a 100% guarantee. It acts only on the surface of the plant, and many pathogens affect the vascular system.
"Hom" does not cause resistance in pathogens, which allows for repeated spraying. The drug is used during the growing season, before the plant blooms. Harvesting can be done 20 days after the last treatment. The product is safe for humans if you follow the recommendations for its dilution and use. Do not neglect protective measures, since the drug has been assigned the third level of danger.