Planting roses in autumn: in detail and step by step

Rose is a very capricious crop that is demanding in terms of lighting, soil composition, and watering. Caring for flowers is painstaking work, where it is important to follow all the stages and take into account the characteristics of the plants. Let's consider whether it is possible to plant roses in the fall and how to do it correctly.

Pros and cons of autumn planting

When is the best time to plant roses - in autumn or in the spring, depends on the variety and type of plant, as well as its winter hardiness.

Most often, the least winter-hardy bushes are planted in the spring, all the rest - in the fall. Planting roses in open ground in the fall has advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages

Most gardeners are supporters of planting roses in the fall, as this method has many advantages.:

1. The root system of the bush develops better.
2. There is more precipitation, so the soil does not dry out.
3. The soil contains a lot of nutrients, and in such conditions the plant takes root better.
4. There are no return frosts, so roses do not freeze.
5. Seedlings different varieties Sold with buds - you can choose the desired specimens.

Flaws

Autumn planting is not always ideal; there are several disadvantages:

1. If the plant does not have time to take root before frost, it may weaken or die.
2. Roses planted in autumn will not bloom next season. This happens only after a year.
3. The plant needs shelter for the winter. If it is insufficient, the bush will freeze. If you cover a rose ahead of time or overdo it with covering material, in the spring the flower may overheat and in some places rot.

Does the variety of rose affect the planting date?

Planting dates in autumn practically do not differ for individual types of roses, but varietal characteristics must be taken into account.

Park and garden roses are the least demanding of care, soil and watering. Ground cover, on the contrary, requires abundant moisture.

Reference. Miniature and hybrid tea roses are planted in open ground only in spring.

Climbing plants support is required. Tea roses also grow with its help and are picky about where they grow. Remontant bushes are not resistant to fungal diseases, but polyanthus bushes are unpretentious - they are grown in Siberia and the Urals.

Necessary conditions for autumn planting

Planting roses in the fall requires compliance with certain conditions. In order for the rose to take root and bloom actively, it is important:

1. Select an area for planting. Roses are suitable for a well-lit place in the southeast or west of the site.
2. Pay attention to the acidity of the soil. Slightly acidic soils with low humidity are optimal for the plant.
3. Follow the planting diagram strictly. Plant roses on a slope in raised beds so that they can better withstand frost and not suffer from melt water.
4. Plant in dry and warm weather.
5. Use seedlings with strong, elastic roots and 3–5 shoots.

If these procedures are carried out correctly, roses will grow and develop well.. So that young seedlings have time to take root in the fall, they are planted a month before frost.

Dates for planting roses in autumn

The optimal time for autumn planting is September - October. Depending on the climate and weather conditions, the timing varies.

According to the lunar calendar 2020 and 2021

The moon and its phases influence plant development. Therefore, the lunar calendar serves as a good hint for gardeners.

Favorable period for planting roses in 2020:

• in September: from 10 to 24;
• in October: from 10 to 23;
• in November: from 8 to 22.

Favorable days in 2021:

• in September: from 6 to 23;
• in October: from 4 to 15;
• in November: from 1 to 11.

Depending on the region

Weather conditions in different regions of Russia vary greatly, so the landing time will also be different.

In the middle zone and Moscow region planting begins around the second decade of September and is completed by mid-October. In the southern regions, the dates are shifted to the end of September - October.

Important! Planting too early leads to the fact that the plant grows and dies at the first frost. If planted very late, it does not have time to take root and freezes in winter.

In regions with harsh climates (Siberia and the Urals) The procedure begins at the end of August and is completed by the last ten days of September.

Suitable weather conditions:

• the optimal temperature for rooting seedlings is +10...+15°C during the day and +5°C at night;
• There should be 20–30 days left before the first frost.

The most important stage in preparing roses for winter is shelter.. To do this, use spruce branches, non-woven and film material, a wooden canopy, and soil.

How to store seedlings before planting

In order for seedlings to take root and develop, it is important to store them properly. For this there are several ways.

In a refrigerator

Simple and common method. Seedlings with an open root system are wrapped in a damp towel and plastic film or bag. The bag is tied and left in the refrigerator, in the vegetable compartment. The optimal temperature is 0…+3°C.

If seedlings are purchased in containers, they are placed in the refrigerator along with the container and wrapped in plastic.

In the cellar

In the cellar plants can be stored for up to 2 months. They are placed in a container or bucket and sprinkled with wet sand, sawdust or peat.

The material should cover the root collar.

Storing a flowering plant

Blooming rose stored at home, like any indoor flowers, in a container.

The maximum period is 3 weeks. During this time, it manages to bloom, but after planting in the ground it is restored.

Rules for planting roses in autumn

Mistakes during planting lead to disease or death of the plant, so it is important to do everything correctly.

Selection and preparation of seedlings

Seedlings are bought in specialized stores or nurseries. Usually there are 2 types - self-rooted and grafted.

The first ones are grown from cuttings; such roses grow on their own roots. The second ones are grafted onto the rootstock.

Rules for choosing plants:

1. Inspect the seedling: it should have 3-4 skeletal shoots, shiny stems, clean roots and leaves.
2. Find out more information about frost resistance and the conditions in which the rose is grown and how to care for it.
3. From grafted seedlings, choose annual ones.
4. Soak seedlings with an open root system in water a day before planting, and shorten the above-ground part to 30 cm. Treat the plants with Bordeaux mixture or copper sulfate.
5. Water roses in containers the day before planting.

Choosing a planting site, optimal distance between bushes

Roses love warm, well-lit, slightly elevated areas. The area should be protected from drafts and not subject to dampness or wetness.

Attention! Neighborhood with tall plants is undesirable, since they will create shade for the flowers.

There should be a distance between park roses from 70 to 90 cm. For floribunda or hybrid tea - from 30 to 60 cm. Standard and climbing plants require at least 1 m.

Selection of soil and fertilizer

The flower loves loose, fertile, well-drained and slightly moist soil. The thickness of the nutrient layer should be at least 40–50 cm.

Superphosphate, potassium, and magnesium are added 2-3 weeks before planting. If the soil is acidic, add calcium. Compost and humus are suitable organic fertilizers for the plant.

The holes are prepared 1–3 days before planting. They are dug to a depth of 50–60 cm and a diameter of 40 cm. Drainage is laid from expanded clay, brick chips or crushed stone.

Planting methods

There are several ways to plant roses:

1. Seedlings - into prepared holes.
2. Cuttings - cut shoots are planted in the ground and covered with a jar or polyethylene for quick rooting.
3. By layering - a long healthy shoot is bent and buried in the ground for the winter. In the spring it is separated from the bush and replanted.

For roses with an open root system, add a mixture of garden soil and fertilizers. Place the seedling in a hole so that the grafting site is no higher than ground level, and fall asleep. Afterwards, water and mulch abundantly.

Late planting of roses in October

Late planting is acceptable only for roses with an open root system. Plants from containers do not have time to adapt.

Fertilizers are no longer applied in October. If autumn is warm and the bush blooms for a long time, young shoots are pinched at the beginning of the month.

Common Mistakes

Beginning gardeners often make mistakes when planting.

The most common:

1. Wrong choice of location. A shaded, damp or low-lying area is not suitable for the plant.
2. Incorrect planting of grafted plants. The grafting site should be no higher than ground level or buried 3–5 cm.
3. Application of nitrogen fertilizers. Roses in autumn there is no need to increase the green mass, this will take away its strength before wintering.
4. Insufficient watering. After planting, the plant requires a lot of moisture.

Care after autumn planting

After planting and watering, the seedling does not require further moisture, but in dry autumn watering is carried out once a week. To ensure that the roots receive enough water, the soil is shed 50–60 cm deep.

Upon landing it is important that there is correspondence between the mass of the aerial part and the roots. Shoots that are too long are shortened. Plants are pruned if the roots are weak or there are few of them.

Advice from experienced flower growers

Those who have been growing roses for a long time are willing to share their experience with beginners.

Some tips:

1. Do not plant the bushes too closely: they will not be ventilated enough, interfere with each other and get sick more often.
2. Think about how you will cover the plants for the winter. If you have several bushes, building a shelter will not be difficult, unlike a large rose garden.
3. Consider and plan your rose garden carefully. If you are not subsequently satisfied with its decorative properties, you will have to replant adult plants. Some varieties then lose their appearance, and some bushes die.

Conclusion

Planting roses in September - October is the right step. Such plants will take root well if you choose a suitable place, prepare fertile soil, buy healthy young seedlings, provide them with proper care and cover them for the winter. In a year, the bushes will delight you with lush flowering.